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greenleaf ticktrefoil

Maryland tickclover, smooth small-leaf tick-trefoil

Habit Herbs, perennial. Herbs, perennial.
Stems

prostrate or climbing, branched, angular (3-sided), 40–200 cm, uncinate-pubescent and villous.

ascending to erect, usually striate, branched or unbranched, 30–150 cm, glabrous or sparsely to densely uncinate-puberulent, sometimes also patent long-pilose.

Leaves

trifoliolate;

stipules usually persistent, sometimes caducous, ovate-deltate, 5.5–12 mm;

petiole 4–8 cm;

leaflet blades ovate, elliptic to broadly ovate, or rhombic, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces more densely sericeous abaxially, sparsely to densely sericeous adaxially;

terminal blade 35–100 × 24–60 mm, length 2.5–3 times width.

trifoliolate;

stipules caducous or moderately persistent, subulate to narrowly ovate, 2–5 mm;

petiole 1–30 mm;

leaflet blades narrowly ovate, elliptic, elliptic-ovate, ovate-rhombic, or suborbiculate, apex obtuse or acute, mucronulate, surfaces sparsely to densely uncinate-puberulent and appressed-villous abaxially, uncinate-puberulent or glabrescent adaxially;

terminal blade 9–75 × 6–33 mm, length 1.5–4(–5) times width.

Inflorescences

branched or unbranched;

rachis patent-villous and uncinate-pubescent to puberulent;

primary bracts densely imbricate before anthesis, caducous, narrowly ovate, 7–10 mm.

terminal and branched, axillary and unbranched;

rachis uncinate-puberulent;

primary bracts ovate, 1.5–3 mm.

Pedicels

4–8 mm.

3–19 mm, uncinate-puberulent.

Flowers

calyx 3–5 mm, sparsely puberulent throughout, lobes often villous, tube 1 mm;

abaxial lobes 4–5.5 mm, lateral lobes 2.5–4 mm;

corolla purple, fading blue-green, 7–9 mm.

calyx 1.5–2.5 mm, pubescent (not uncinate-puberulent), tube 1 mm;

abaxial lobes 1.2–1.5 mm, lateral lobes 1 mm;

corolla usually lavender to red-violet or pink-purple, rarely white, 4–6 mm.

Loments

sutures crenate or somewhat angled abaxially, sinuate adaxially;

connections adaxial, 1/2 as broad as segments;

segments 5–9, semiorbiculate, 3–4 × 2–2.5 mm, obliquely rounded abaxially, slightly angled adaxially, uncinate-pubescent;

stipe 1–2 mm.

sutures crenate abaxially, sinuate adaxially;

connections adaxial, 1/4–1/2 as broad as segments;

segments 1–4, broadly elliptic, 3.5–5.5 × 2.5–4 mm, rounded abaxially, convex adaxially, uncinate-puberulent throughout;

stipe 1–2 mm.

2n

= 22.

= 22.

Desmodium intortum

Desmodium marilandicum

Phenology Flowering late summer–fall.
Habitat Open, grassy areas, roadsides.
Elevation 1000–1700 m. (3300–5600 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; Central America; Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Michoacán, Sonora, Veracruz) [Introduced in Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Australia]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
e United States; sc United States; West Indies
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

In the flora area, Desmodium intortum is known only from Cochise County.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 3 (3 in the flora).

Desmodium ciliare, D. lancifolium, and D. marilandicum have generally been recognized as closely related but distinct species in floras of the United States. They commonly have two or three articulate, small loments. D. Isely (1990, 1998) grouped them as the D. ciliare Group and regarded forms intermediate between them as putative hybrids: D. ciliare × D. marilandicum and D. ciliare × D. lancifolium. They have been separated by differences in the leaflets and pubescence, but the differences are not always clear. They are treated here as one species with three varieties.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Terminal leaflet blades elliptic-ovate to narrowly ovate, 50–75 × 20–33 mm, apex acute to obtuse.
var. lancifolium
1. Terminal leaflet blades elliptic, ovate, ovate-rhombic, or suborbiculate, 9–40 × 6–17 mm, apex obtuse.
→ 2
2. Petioles 12–30 mm, sparsely uncinate-puberulent; stems with a few, scattered hairs; pedicels (6–)8–19 mm.
var. marilandicum
2. Petioles 1–15 mm; stems and petioles uncinate-puberulent and patent long-pilose; pedicels.
var. ciliare
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Desmodium Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Desmodium
Sibling taxa
D. arizonicum, D. batocaulon, D. canadense, D. canescens, D. cinerascens, D. cuspidatum, D. floridanum, D. grahamii, D. gramineum, D. illinoense, D. incanum, D. laevigatum, D. lindheimeri, D. lineatum, D. marilandicum, D. metcalfei, D. nuttallii, D. ochroleucum, D. paniculatum, D. procumbens, D. psilocarpum, D. psilophyllum, D. retinens, D. rosei, D. rotundifolium, D. scopulorum, D. scorpiurus, D. sessilifolium, D. strictum, D. tenuifolium, D. tortuosum, D. triflorum, D. tweedyi, D. viridiflorum, D. ×humifusum
D. arizonicum, D. batocaulon, D. canadense, D. canescens, D. cinerascens, D. cuspidatum, D. floridanum, D. grahamii, D. gramineum, D. illinoense, D. incanum, D. intortum, D. laevigatum, D. lindheimeri, D. lineatum, D. metcalfei, D. nuttallii, D. ochroleucum, D. paniculatum, D. procumbens, D. psilocarpum, D. psilophyllum, D. retinens, D. rosei, D. rotundifolium, D. scopulorum, D. scorpiurus, D. sessilifolium, D. strictum, D. tenuifolium, D. tortuosum, D. triflorum, D. tweedyi, D. viridiflorum, D. ×humifusum
Subordinate taxa
D. marilandicum var. ciliare, D. marilandicum var. lancifolium, D. marilandicum var. marilandicum
Synonyms Hedysarum intortum, D. sonorae, D. uncinatum, Meibomia intorta Hedysarum marilandicum, Meibomia marilandica
Name authority (Miller) Urban: Symb. Antill. 8: 292. (1920) (Linnaeus) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 328. (1825) — (as marylandicum)
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