Desmodium incanum |
Desmodium scopulorum |
|
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creeping beggarweed, Spanish clover, Spanish tick-trefoil, zarzabacoa comun |
Sonoran ticktrefoil |
|
Habit | Herbs, subshrubs, or shrubs, perennial; stoloniferous or rhizomatous. | Herbs, annual. |
Stems | erect or ascending, to 300 cm, pubescent or glabrescent. |
erect or ascending, usually striate, branched, 10–80 cm, pubescent. |
Leaves | trifoliolate; stipules usually persistent, narrowly ovate-deltate, 5–10 mm; petiole usually 15–20 mm; leaflet blades elliptic to ovate, apex obtuse or acute, surfaces finely spreading-villosulous to substrigose abaxially, uncinate-puberulent or glabrescent adaxially; terminal blade 20–90 × 15–45 mm, length 1.5–4 times width. |
trifoliolate; stipules caducous, narrowly deltate to subulate, 3–4 mm; petiole 10–40 mm; leaflet blades narrowly ovate to ovate, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces densely uncinate-puberulent and pilose abaxially, uncinate-puberulent and pilose adaxially; terminal blade 20–100 × 7–25 mm, length 4–8 or 2–3 times width. |
Inflorescences | unbranched; rachis densely patent uncinate-pubescent; primary bracts caducous, narrowly ovate, 6–7 mm. |
branched or unbranched; rachis uncinate-puberulent; primary bracts narrowly ovate, 1.4–2.6 mm. |
Pedicels | persistent with calyx-remnant at top after loments drop, 5–9 mm. |
5–15 mm. |
Flowers | calyx 2–3.5 mm, uncinate-puberulent, lobes pilose, tube 1 mm; abaxial lobes 1.5–2.5 mm, lateral lobes 1–2 mm; corolla purple, 5–8 mm. |
calyx 1–1.5 mm, puberulent, tube 0.5 mm; abaxial lobes 1–1.5 mm, lateral lobes longer than tube; corolla pink, drying greenish yellow, 3–4 mm. |
Loments | sutures symmetrically crenate abaxially, straight or slightly sinuate adaxially; connections central, 1/2–2/3 as broad as segments; segments 4–8, semiobovate, 3.5–5 × 2.5–3 mm, broadly rounded abaxially, straight or barely convex adaxially, uncinate-puberulent; stipe 1.5–2 mm. |
sutures subequally incised, spirally arranged between young segments when young; connections adaxial, 1/8 as broad as segments; segments 2–4, proximal segments subrhombic, 4–6 × 2.5–3.5 mm, irregularly involute, uncinate-pubescent, distal segment semiorbiculate or broadly deltate, much larger than proximal segments, not contorted, 7–10 × 4–5 mm, glabrous, sutures uncinate-puberulent; stipe 1 mm. |
2n | = 22. |
|
Desmodium incanum |
Desmodium scopulorum |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–fall. | Flowering fall. |
Habitat | Pine-palmetto flatwoods, woodland borders, lawns, ruderal sites, disturbed or waste areas. | Open grassy slopes, oak-pine woodlands. |
Elevation | 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.) | 800–1800 m. (2600–5900 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; TX; Central America; South America; Mexico (Chiapas, Jalisco, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); West Indies [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Asia (Taiwan), Africa, Indian Ocean Islands (Mauritius, Reunion), Pacific Islands, Australia]
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AZ; Mexico (Baja California Sur, Sinaloa, Sonora) |
Discussion | Desmodium incanum may be distinguished by its long-persistent stipules usually fused and nearly surrounding the stem, at least when young, and by its pedicels which are usually borne singly and are each subtended by one primary bract and two (lateral) secondary bracts (B. G. Schubert 1980). Desmodium incanum was long known as D. canum Schinz & Thellung (= Meibomia cana S. F. Blake) based on the illegitimate Hedysarum canum J. F. Gmelin, a superfluous name for H. racemosum Aublet. The complex nomenclatural history was elaborated by D. H. Nicolson (1978) and L. C. P. Lima et al. (2012, 2014). Hedysarum canescens Miller (1768) is a later homonym of H. canescens Linnaeus (1753), thus illegitimate, and pertains here. Hedysarum canum J. F. Gmelin is a superfluous name for H. racemosum Aublet; Meibomia cana S. F. Blake was intended as a new combination based on that name. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
In the flora area, Desmodium scopulorum is known from Pima and Santa Cruz counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Desmodium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Desmodium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Hedysarum incanum, Aeschynomene incana, D. ancistrocarpum, D. canum, D. frutescens, D. frutescens var. amplyophyllum, D. malacophyllum, D. mauritianum, D. supinum var. amblyophyllum, H. ancistrocarpum, H. malacophyllum, H. mauritianum, H. racemosum, Meibomia adscendens var. incana, M. incana, M. malacophylla, M. supina | D. wigginsii, Meibomia scopulorum |
Name authority | (Swartz) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 332. (1825) — name conserved | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 24: 47. (1889) |
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