Desmodium incanum |
Desmodium rotundifolium |
|
|---|---|---|
|
creeping beggarweed, Spanish clover, Spanish tick-trefoil, zarzabacoa comun |
prostrate ticktrefoil, round-leaf tick-trefoil, round-leaf trailing tick-trefoil |
|
| Habit | Herbs, subshrubs, or shrubs, perennial; stoloniferous or rhizomatous. | Herbs, perennial. |
| Stems | erect or ascending, to 300 cm, pubescent or glabrescent. |
prostrate, (50–)100–200(–300) cm, villous and uncinate-puberulent. |
| Leaves | trifoliolate; stipules usually persistent, narrowly ovate-deltate, 5–10 mm; petiole usually 15–20 mm; leaflet blades elliptic to ovate, apex obtuse or acute, surfaces finely spreading-villosulous to substrigose abaxially, uncinate-puberulent or glabrescent adaxially; terminal blade 20–90 × 15–45 mm, length 1.5–4 times width. |
trifoliolate; stipules mostly persistent, reflexed, broadly ovate, 5–12 mm, base obliquely cordate, subamplexicaul; petiole 2–4.6 mm; leaflet blades transversely elliptic, orbiculate, or broadly ovate, apex emarginate, retuse, rounded, or obtuse, surfaces densely spreading-villous abaxially, appressed-villous adaxially; terminal blade 20–60 × 25–55 mm, length 0.8–1.2 times width. |
| Inflorescences | unbranched; rachis densely patent uncinate-pubescent; primary bracts caducous, narrowly ovate, 6–7 mm. |
terminal or axillary and erect, usually unbranched, rarely branched; rachis shortly hirsute or sparsely uncinate-puberulent; primary bracts broadly ovate, 5–6 mm. |
| Pedicels | persistent with calyx-remnant at top after loments drop, 5–9 mm. |
(5–)10–15 mm. |
| Flowers | calyx 2–3.5 mm, uncinate-puberulent, lobes pilose, tube 1 mm; abaxial lobes 1.5–2.5 mm, lateral lobes 1–2 mm; corolla purple, 5–8 mm. |
calyx (4–)5–6 mm, uncinate-puberulent and sparsely pilose, tube 1.5 mm; abaxial lobes 3–5 mm, lateral lobes 3.5–4.5 mm; corolla pink, fading blue-purple, 9–11 mm. |
| Loments | sutures symmetrically crenate abaxially, straight or slightly sinuate adaxially; connections central, 1/2–2/3 as broad as segments; segments 4–8, semiobovate, 3.5–5 × 2.5–3 mm, broadly rounded abaxially, straight or barely convex adaxially, uncinate-puberulent; stipe 1.5–2 mm. |
sutures deeply crenate abaxially, crenate adaxially; connections adaxial, 1/6–1/4 as broad as segments; segments 3–6(or 7), subrhombic to elliptic, 4.5–7.5 × 4–5 mm, reticulate, obtusely angled abaxially, convex adaxially, uncinate-puberulent throughout; stipe 3–6 mm. |
| 2n | = 22. |
= 22. |
Desmodium incanum |
Desmodium rotundifolium |
|
| Phenology | Flowering spring–fall. | Flowering summer–fall. |
| Habitat | Pine-palmetto flatwoods, woodland borders, lawns, ruderal sites, disturbed or waste areas. | Open woodlands, bottoms of steep uplands, borders, recently cleared areas, ruderal sites. |
| Elevation | 0–50 m. [0–160 ft.] | 0–1000 m. [0–3300 ft.] |
| Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; TX; Central America; South America; Mexico (Chiapas, Jalisco, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); West Indies [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Asia (Taiwan), Africa, Indian Ocean Islands (Mauritius, Reunion), Pacific Islands, Australia]
|
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WV; ON
|
| Discussion | Desmodium incanum may be distinguished by its long-persistent stipules usually fused and nearly surrounding the stem, at least when young, and by its pedicels which are usually borne singly and are each subtended by one primary bract and two (lateral) secondary bracts (B. G. Schubert 1980). Desmodium incanum was long known as D. canum Schinz & Thellung (= Meibomia cana S. F. Blake) based on the illegitimate Hedysarum canum J. F. Gmelin, a superfluous name for H. racemosum Aublet. The complex nomenclatural history was elaborated by D. H. Nicolson (1978) and L. C. P. Lima et al. (2012, 2014). Hedysarum canescens Miller (1768) is a later homonym of H. canescens Linnaeus (1753), thus illegitimate, and pertains here. Hedysarum canum J. F. Gmelin is a superfluous name for H. racemosum Aublet; Meibomia cana S. F. Blake was intended as a new combination based on that name. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Desmodium rotundifolium, with relatively small leaflets, resembles 15. D. lineatum, which has loments with 2–4 segments and uncinate stem hairs (D. Isely 1998). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
| Parent taxa | ||
| Sibling taxa | ||
| Synonyms | Hedysarum incanum, Aeschynomene incana, D. ancistrocarpum, D. canum, D. frutescens, D. frutescens var. amplyophyllum, D. malacophyllum, D. mauritianum, D. supinum var. amblyophyllum, H. ancistrocarpum, H. malacophyllum, H. mauritianum, H. racemosum, Meibomia adscendens var. incana, M. incana, M. malacophylla, M. supina | Hedysarum rotundifolium, D. rotundifolium var. glabratum, Meibomia rotundifolia |
| Name authority | (Swartz) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 332. (1825) — name conserved | de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 330. (1825) |
| Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
| Web links | ||