Desmodium incanum |
Desmodium lineatum |
|
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creeping beggarweed, Spanish clover, Spanish tick-trefoil, zarzabacoa comun |
sand ticktrefoil |
|
Habit | Herbs, subshrubs, or shrubs, perennial; stoloniferous or rhizomatous. | Herbs, perennial, often mat-forming. |
Stems | erect or ascending, to 300 cm, pubescent or glabrescent. |
prostrate, lineate, to 100 cm, uncinate-puberulent and -pubescent, also sparsely to moderately pilose. |
Leaves | trifoliolate; stipules usually persistent, narrowly ovate-deltate, 5–10 mm; petiole usually 15–20 mm; leaflet blades elliptic to ovate, apex obtuse or acute, surfaces finely spreading-villosulous to substrigose abaxially, uncinate-puberulent or glabrescent adaxially; terminal blade 20–90 × 15–45 mm, length 1.5–4 times width. |
trifoliolate; stipules mostly persistent, inconspicuous, narrowly ovate, 2–5 mm; petiole 5–21 mm; leaflet blades orbiculate or broadly rhombic-ovate, apex rounded, surfaces glabrous or inconspicuously spreading-villous abaxially, glabrous adaxially; terminal blade 15–30 × 10–30 mm, length 1–1.2 times width. |
Inflorescences | unbranched; rachis densely patent uncinate-pubescent; primary bracts caducous, narrowly ovate, 6–7 mm. |
densely flowered, ascending, usually terminal and branched, axillary and unbranched; rachis uncinate-puberulent; primary bracts caducous, ovate, 1–2 mm. |
Pedicels | persistent with calyx-remnant at top after loments drop, 5–9 mm. |
6–12 mm. |
Flowers | calyx 2–3.5 mm, uncinate-puberulent, lobes pilose, tube 1 mm; abaxial lobes 1.5–2.5 mm, lateral lobes 1–2 mm; corolla purple, 5–8 mm. |
calyx 2 mm, puberulent and ± pilose, tube 1 mm; abaxial lobes 1.5 mm, lateral lobes 1 mm; corolla usually purple, rarely white, 3.5–5 mm. |
Loments | sutures symmetrically crenate abaxially, straight or slightly sinuate adaxially; connections central, 1/2–2/3 as broad as segments; segments 4–8, semiobovate, 3.5–5 × 2.5–3 mm, broadly rounded abaxially, straight or barely convex adaxially, uncinate-puberulent; stipe 1.5–2 mm. |
sutures deeply crenate abaxially, sinuate adaxially; connections adaxial, 1/3 as broad as segments; segments 2–4, ovate-orbiculate or obovate, 3.5–6 × 2.5–4 mm, symmetrically rounded abaxially, convex adaxially, uncinate-pubescent and pilose throughout; stipe 1–2.5 mm. |
2n | = 22. |
|
Desmodium incanum |
Desmodium lineatum |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–fall. | Flowering late summer–fall(–spring). |
Habitat | Pine-palmetto flatwoods, woodland borders, lawns, ruderal sites, disturbed or waste areas. | Open wood-lands, savannas, sandhills, pastures, abandoned fields. |
Elevation | 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.) | 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; TX; Central America; South America; Mexico (Chiapas, Jalisco, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); West Indies [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Asia (Taiwan), Africa, Indian Ocean Islands (Mauritius, Reunion), Pacific Islands, Australia]
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AL; DC; DE; FL; GA; LA; MD; MS; NC; SC; TX; VA; WV
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Discussion | Desmodium incanum may be distinguished by its long-persistent stipules usually fused and nearly surrounding the stem, at least when young, and by its pedicels which are usually borne singly and are each subtended by one primary bract and two (lateral) secondary bracts (B. G. Schubert 1980). Desmodium incanum was long known as D. canum Schinz & Thellung (= Meibomia cana S. F. Blake) based on the illegitimate Hedysarum canum J. F. Gmelin, a superfluous name for H. racemosum Aublet. The complex nomenclatural history was elaborated by D. H. Nicolson (1978) and L. C. P. Lima et al. (2012, 2014). Hedysarum canescens Miller (1768) is a later homonym of H. canescens Linnaeus (1753), thus illegitimate, and pertains here. Hedysarum canum J. F. Gmelin is a superfluous name for H. racemosum Aublet; Meibomia cana S. F. Blake was intended as a new combination based on that name. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Desmodium arenicola (Vail) F. J. Hermann and Meibomia arenicola Vail are illegitimate names that pertain here. In Texas, Desmodium lineatum is known from fewer than ten counties adjacent to Louisiana. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Desmodium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Desmodium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Hedysarum incanum, Aeschynomene incana, D. ancistrocarpum, D. canum, D. frutescens, D. frutescens var. amplyophyllum, D. malacophyllum, D. mauritianum, D. supinum var. amblyophyllum, H. ancistrocarpum, H. malacophyllum, H. mauritianum, H. racemosum, Meibomia adscendens var. incana, M. incana, M. malacophylla, M. supina | Hedysarum lineatum, Meibomia arenicola var. polymorpha, M. lineata, M. lineata var. polymorpha, M. polymorpha |
Name authority | (Swartz) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 332. (1825) — name conserved | de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 330. (1825) |
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