Desmodium incanum |
Desmodium floridanum |
|
|---|---|---|
|
creeping beggarweed, Spanish clover, Spanish tick-trefoil, zarzabacoa comun |
Florida ticktrefoil |
|
| Habit | Herbs, subshrubs, or shrubs, perennial; stoloniferous or rhizomatous. | Herbs, perennial. |
| Stems | erect or ascending, to 300 cm, pubescent or glabrescent. |
ascending to erect, usually striate, usually unbranched, 40–100 cm, usually densely uncinate-puberulent to -pubescent and villous. |
| Leaves | trifoliolate; stipules usually persistent, narrowly ovate-deltate, 5–10 mm; petiole usually 15–20 mm; leaflet blades elliptic to ovate, apex obtuse or acute, surfaces finely spreading-villosulous to substrigose abaxially, uncinate-puberulent or glabrescent adaxially; terminal blade 20–90 × 15–45 mm, length 1.5–4 times width. |
trifoliolate, with 1 unifoliolate proximally, sometimes mostly clustered near base; stipules persistent, some conspicuously reflexed, narrowly ovate, 4–10 mm; petiole 15–35 mm; leaflet blades rhombic or ovate, ± leathery, apex acute or obtuse, surfaces sparsely to densely spreading-villous abaxially, often glaucous, conspicuously reticulate-veined, lateral veins conspicuous, arcuate along margin, sparsely uncinate-puberulent adaxially, more densely so on thick veins; terminal blade (30–)60–120 × 20–70 mm, length 1.3–2.5 times width. |
| Inflorescences | unbranched; rachis densely patent uncinate-pubescent; primary bracts caducous, narrowly ovate, 6–7 mm. |
panicles, often relatively large, usually branched; rachis densely uncinate-pubescent and long-pilose; primary bracts caducous, narrowly ovate, 2.5–3 mm. |
| Pedicels | persistent with calyx-remnant at top after loments drop, 5–9 mm. |
3–8 mm. |
| Flowers | calyx 2–3.5 mm, uncinate-puberulent, lobes pilose, tube 1 mm; abaxial lobes 1.5–2.5 mm, lateral lobes 1–2 mm; corolla purple, 5–8 mm. |
calyx 2.5–3 mm, puberulent to pubescent, tube 1–1.5 mm; abaxial lobes 1–1.5 mm, lateral lobes 1 mm; corolla purple, 5–7 mm. |
| Loments | sutures symmetrically crenate abaxially, straight or slightly sinuate adaxially; connections central, 1/2–2/3 as broad as segments; segments 4–8, semiobovate, 3.5–5 × 2.5–3 mm, broadly rounded abaxially, straight or barely convex adaxially, uncinate-puberulent; stipe 1.5–2 mm. |
sutures deeply crenate abaxially, sinuate adaxially; connections adaxial, 1/5–1/4 as broad as segments; segments 2–5, obtusely rhombic or semiorbiculate, 4–8 × 4–5 mm, obtusely angled abaxially, convex adaxially, uncinate-pubescent throughout; stipe 1–4 mm. |
| 2n | = 22. |
|
Desmodium incanum |
Desmodium floridanum |
|
| Phenology | Flowering spring–fall. | Flowering spring–fall. |
| Habitat | Pine-palmetto flatwoods, woodland borders, lawns, ruderal sites, disturbed or waste areas. | Pine or pine-turkey-oak woodlands, pine-palmetto flatwoods, old fields, urban waste areas. |
| Elevation | 0–50 m. [0–160 ft.] | 0–300 m. [0–1000 ft.] |
| Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; TX; Central America; South America; Mexico (Chiapas, Jalisco, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); West Indies [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Asia (Taiwan), Africa, Indian Ocean Islands (Mauritius, Reunion), Pacific Islands, Australia]
|
AL; FL; GA; SC
|
| Discussion | Desmodium incanum may be distinguished by its long-persistent stipules usually fused and nearly surrounding the stem, at least when young, and by its pedicels which are usually borne singly and are each subtended by one primary bract and two (lateral) secondary bracts (B. G. Schubert 1980). Desmodium incanum was long known as D. canum Schinz & Thellung (= Meibomia cana S. F. Blake) based on the illegitimate Hedysarum canum J. F. Gmelin, a superfluous name for H. racemosum Aublet. The complex nomenclatural history was elaborated by D. H. Nicolson (1978) and L. C. P. Lima et al. (2012, 2014). Hedysarum canescens Miller (1768) is a later homonym of H. canescens Linnaeus (1753), thus illegitimate, and pertains here. Hedysarum canum J. F. Gmelin is a superfluous name for H. racemosum Aublet; Meibomia cana S. F. Blake was intended as a new combination based on that name. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Desmodium floridanum is known from throughout Florida, southern Alabama, Georgia, and southern South Carolina. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
| Parent taxa | ||
| Sibling taxa | ||
| Synonyms | Hedysarum incanum, Aeschynomene incana, D. ancistrocarpum, D. canum, D. frutescens, D. frutescens var. amplyophyllum, D. malacophyllum, D. mauritianum, D. supinum var. amblyophyllum, H. ancistrocarpum, H. malacophyllum, H. mauritianum, H. racemosum, Meibomia adscendens var. incana, M. incana, M. malacophylla, M. supina | Meibomia floridana |
| Name authority | (Swartz) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 332. (1825) — name conserved | Chapman: Fl. South. U.S., 102. (1860) |
| Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
| Web links | ||