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hoary tick-trefoil, hoary tickclover

arrow-leaf tick-trefoil, panicle tick-trefoil, panicle tickclover, panicledleaf ticktrefoil

Habit Herbs, perennial. Herbs, perennial; base woody, rootstock thick.
Stems

erect or ascending, branched, 50–200 cm, conspicuously or sparsely villous and uncinate-pubescent.

erect or ascending, usually striate, 30–100(–150) cm, glabrous or sparsely to densely uncinate-puberulent or conspicuously pilose or glabrescent.

Leaves

trifoliolate;

stipules mostly persistent, usually reflexed, broadly or narrowly ovate, 5–13 mm, base oblique, often auriculate, subamplexicaul;

petiole 30–60 mm;

leaflet blades ovate, thick, papery, apex acute to gradually acuminate, surfaces densely uncinate-puberulent abaxially, uncinate-puberulent and pubescent on veins adaxially;

terminal blade 50–130 × 30–100 mm, length 1.5–2 times width.

trifoliolate;

stipules caducous, subulate to narrowly ovate-deltate, 2–6 mm;

petiole (10–)20–50 mm;

leaflet blades polymorphic, linear, narrowly ovate, narrowly ovate-oblong, ovate, broadly ovate to subrounded, or rhombic, usually thin, rarely thick, papery, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces closely to subdensely appressed pilose, inconspicuously reticulate-veined abaxially, sparsely appressed-puberulent and pilose adaxially;

terminal blade 20–100 × 8–65 mm, length 1–8 times width.

Inflorescences

paniclelike, branched;

rachis densely patent bulbous-villous and uncinate-puberulent;

primary bracts caducous, narrowly ovate, 4–6 mm.

terminal panicles and axillary racemes, branched, very diffuse;

rachis moderately to densely uncinate-puberulent to -pubescent;

primary bracts narrowly ovate, 1–3.5 mm.

Pedicels

persistent, 8–13 mm.

(3–)6–12(–20) mm.

Flowers

calyx 3–5 mm, sparsely or densely puberulent, tube 1 mm;

abaxial lobes to 3 mm, lateral lobes 1 mm;

corolla usually purple to pinkish, rarely white, 9–13 mm.

calyx 2–3 mm, pubescent, tube 1–1.5 mm;

abaxial lobes 2 mm, lateral lobes 1 mm;

corolla lilac to purple, 6–9 mm.

Loments

sutures dentate or crenate abaxially, sinuate adaxially;

connections adaxial, 1/3–1/2 as broad as segments;

segments 4–6, broadly elliptic, 6.5–13 × 4–7 mm, obtusely angled abaxially becoming round, convex adaxially, uncinate-puberulent and villous, hairs particularly dense on sutures and between segments;

stipe 2.5–6 mm.

sutures deeply crenate or dentate abaxially, sinuate adaxially;

connections adaxial, 1/5–1/3 as broad as segments;

segments (2 or)3–5, deltate to rhombic, (4–)5–10 × 3–5 mm, angled abaxially (sometimes obtusely), convex adaxially, uncinate-puberulent to -pubescent;

stipe 1–7 mm.

2n

= 22.

= 22.

Desmodium canescens

Desmodium paniculatum

Phenology Flowering summer.
Habitat Open, dry woodlands, cutover areas, thickets, roadsides.
Elevation 0–900 m. (0–3000 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; ON
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[BONAP county map]
from USDA
North America [Introduced in e Asia (Japan)]
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[BONAP county map]
Discussion

In Texas, Desmodium canescens is known from the eastern third of the state. In Florida, it occurs only in the panhandle region.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

Desmodium paniculatum is allied with D. fernaldii, D. glabellum, and D. perplexum, and the four are called the D. paniculatum Group, which is characterized by having straight loments with 3–5 angled segments. These species have been studied intensively by B. G. Schubert (1950, 1950b) and D. Isely (1953, 1983b, 1990, 1998). According to Isely (1990, 1998), D. paniculatum intergrades with both D. perplexum and D. glabellum, resulting in a continuum of variation among the members of the D. paniculatum Group that suggests introgression, including: D. paniculatum × D. perplexum; D. paniculatum × D. glabellum; and D. glabellum × D. perplexum. They are treated here as varieties of a single polymorphic species. The varieties are distinguished by somewhat continuous or overlapping characters.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Leaflet blade surfaces slightly strigose to conspicuously subappressed-villous, sometimes uncinate-pubescent abaxially; stems and petioles glabrescent to conspicuously pilose or uncinate-pubescent.
var. paniculatum
1. Leaflet blade surfaces uncinate-puberulent on veins, sparsely strigulose abaxially; stems and petioles glabrous or uncinate-pubescent.
var. fernaldii
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Desmodium Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Desmodium
Sibling taxa
D. arizonicum, D. batocaulon, D. canadense, D. cinerascens, D. cuspidatum, D. floridanum, D. grahamii, D. gramineum, D. illinoense, D. incanum, D. intortum, D. laevigatum, D. lindheimeri, D. lineatum, D. marilandicum, D. metcalfei, D. nuttallii, D. ochroleucum, D. paniculatum, D. procumbens, D. psilocarpum, D. psilophyllum, D. retinens, D. rosei, D. rotundifolium, D. scopulorum, D. scorpiurus, D. sessilifolium, D. strictum, D. tenuifolium, D. tortuosum, D. triflorum, D. tweedyi, D. viridiflorum, D. ×humifusum
D. arizonicum, D. batocaulon, D. canadense, D. canescens, D. cinerascens, D. cuspidatum, D. floridanum, D. grahamii, D. gramineum, D. illinoense, D. incanum, D. intortum, D. laevigatum, D. lindheimeri, D. lineatum, D. marilandicum, D. metcalfei, D. nuttallii, D. ochroleucum, D. procumbens, D. psilocarpum, D. psilophyllum, D. retinens, D. rosei, D. rotundifolium, D. scopulorum, D. scorpiurus, D. sessilifolium, D. strictum, D. tenuifolium, D. tortuosum, D. triflorum, D. tweedyi, D. viridiflorum, D. ×humifusum
Subordinate taxa
D. paniculatum var. fernaldii, D. paniculatum var. paniculatum
Synonyms Hedysarum canescens, Meibomia canescens Hedysarum paniculatum, Meibomia paniculata
Name authority (Linnaeus) Poiret in F. Cuvier: Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2, 13: 110. (1819) (Linnaeus) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 329. (1825)
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