Desmanthus covillei |
Desmanthus illinoensis |
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Coville's bundleflower |
Illinois bundleflower, prairie bundleflower |
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Habit | Shrubs, erect, much-branched from base, 5–25 dm. | Herbs, erect to decumbent, sparsely to much-branched, to 15 dm. |
Stems | glabrous. |
sparsely pubescent on ridges or glabrous. |
Leaves | 2–5 cm; stipules persistent, 1.5–2.5 mm, with flared, membranous bases, glabrous; petiole 5–15 mm; pinnae 1–3(or 4) pairs; nectary sessile or stipitate, crateriform, interpinnal between proximal pair of pinnae; leaflets 16–34, blades 4–8 mm, venation obscure except for eccentric midvein, sometimes also 1 short, arcuate vein from base, surfaces glabrous. |
3.5–12 cm; stipules persistent, 3.6–12 mm, with small, winged margin at base opposite petiole, glabrous or sparsely pubescent; petiole 2–10 mm; pinnae 5–18 pairs; nectary present or absent, sessile, crateriform, between proximal pair of pinnae; leaflets 30–70, blades 1.7–6 mm, venation obscure except for nearly centric midvein, surfaces glabrous. |
Peduncles | 1–2.3 cm, 1–3.5 cm in fruit. |
1–6 cm, 1.8–6.5 cm in fruit. |
Flowers | stamens 10; staminodia 7.5–17 mm, showy; style exserted 3–5 mm beyond stamens. |
stamens 5; staminodia 4–6 mm; style not exserted beyond stamens. |
Legumes | brown, straight to slightly arcuate, linear, constricted between seeds, dehiscent along both sutures, 5.5–13 cm × 2.7–4 mm, apex acute, rarely with short beak to 3 mm. |
in tight, globose clusters, dark brown, slightly to strongly incurved-falcate, oblong, not constricted between seeds, tardily dehiscent along abaxial suture, dehiscent initially only along adaxial one, 1.5–3.2 cm × 4.5–7 mm, apex acute or attenuate with beak 1–2 mm. |
Heads | 1 or 2 per axil, 23–43-flowered; sterile flowers 5–16 per head; staminate and bisexual flowers 8–30 per head. |
1(or 2) per axil, 22–71-flowered, usually all bisexual, occasionally with a few functionally staminate and sterile flowers at base; sterile flowers 0–2 per head; bisexual flowers 22–69 per head. |
Seeds | inserted transversely. |
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2n | = 28. |
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Desmanthus covillei |
Desmanthus illinoensis |
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Phenology | Flowering Aug–Oct, fruiting Sep–Dec. | Flowering May–Jun(–Aug), fruiting Jul–Oct. |
Habitat | Coastal plains, arroyos, foothills, canyons, slopes. | Edges of swamps and marshes, bottomlands, breaks of rivers, creeks, wet prairies, drier areas with oak, pinyon, mesquite, and yucca, roadsides. |
Elevation | 700–1000 m. (2300–3300 ft.) | 0–1500 m. (0–4900 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; Mexico (Baja California Sur, Sinaloa, Sonora)
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AL; AR; CO; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MN; MO; MS; ND; NE; NM; NV; OH; OK; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT
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Discussion | Desmanthus covillei is the only shrubby member of the genus in the flora area. It is widespread in western Mexico but known in the flora area only from the Tucson Mountains in Pima County. The relatively large, showy inflorescences and large fruits are diagnostic. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Desmanthus illinoensis is the most common species of the genus in the flora area. It is native in the central part of its range but may be introduced in the farthest eastern and western parts. Desmanthus illinoensis is easily recognized by its erect habit with tight clusters of oblong, falcate fruits. It is being studied as a potential food and forage crop for temperate climates. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (Mimosoid clade) > Desmanthus | Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (Mimosoid clade) > Desmanthus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Acuan covillei, D. covillei var. arizonicus, D. palmeri | Mimosa illinoensis, D. illinoensis var. glandulosus |
Name authority | (Britton & Rose) Wiggins: Field & Lab. 18: 128. (1950) | (Michaux) MacMillan ex B. L. Robinson & Fernald: Manual ed. 7, 503. (1908) |
Web links |