Desmanthus covillei |
Desmanthus acuminatus |
|
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Coville's bundleflower |
wild tantan |
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Habit | Shrubs, erect, much-branched from base, 5–25 dm. | Herbs, prostrate to decumbent, much-branched from base, to 3 dm, not woody at base; taproot napiform, bark red, corky. |
Stems | glabrous. |
densely to sparsely pubescent with short white hairs along ribs, glabrescent. |
Leaves | 2–5 cm; stipules persistent, 1.5–2.5 mm, with flared, membranous bases, glabrous; petiole 5–15 mm; pinnae 1–3(or 4) pairs; nectary sessile or stipitate, crateriform, interpinnal between proximal pair of pinnae; leaflets 16–34, blades 4–8 mm, venation obscure except for eccentric midvein, sometimes also 1 short, arcuate vein from base, surfaces glabrous. |
1–4 cm; stipules persistent, 2.5–6 mm, with prominently veined auricles, one developed into a tooth curved under pulvinus, pubescent, hairs white, relatively long; petiole 3–6 mm; pinnae 2–4 pairs; nectary usually present, sessile, crateriform or flattened, between proximal pair of pinnae; leaflets 14–24, blades 3–5.5 mm, venation obscure except eccentric midvein, surfaces glaucous, glabrous. |
Peduncles | 1–2.3 cm, 1–3.5 cm in fruit. |
0.6–2 cm, 1–2 cm in fruit. |
Flowers | stamens 10; staminodia 7.5–17 mm, showy; style exserted 3–5 mm beyond stamens. |
stamens 10; staminodia 6–8 mm; style slightly exserted beyond stamens. |
Legumes | brown, straight to slightly arcuate, linear, constricted between seeds, dehiscent along both sutures, 5.5–13 cm × 2.7–4 mm, apex acute, rarely with short beak to 3 mm. |
brown to nearly black, ± falcate, linear-oblong, not constricted between seeds, dehiscent along both sutures, 2.7–5 cm × 2.5–4.5 mm, apex apiculate with beak 1–4 mm. |
Heads | 1 or 2 per axil, 23–43-flowered; sterile flowers 5–16 per head; staminate and bisexual flowers 8–30 per head. |
1 per axil, 6–12-flowered; sterile flowers 0–3 per head; staminate and bisexual flowers 5–10 per head. |
2n | = 28. |
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Desmanthus covillei |
Desmanthus acuminatus |
|
Phenology | Flowering Aug–Oct, fruiting Sep–Dec. | Flowering and fruiting Apr–May. |
Habitat | Coastal plains, arroyos, foothills, canyons, slopes. | Post-oak or juniper woodlands, prairies, roadsides. |
Elevation | 700–1000 m. (2300–3300 ft.) | 60–800 m. (200–2600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; Mexico (Baja California Sur, Sinaloa, Sonora)
|
TX; South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay) |
Discussion | Desmanthus covillei is the only shrubby member of the genus in the flora area. It is widespread in western Mexico but known in the flora area only from the Tucson Mountains in Pima County. The relatively large, showy inflorescences and large fruits are diagnostic. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Desmanthus acuminatus occurs in Texas from the coastal plain to the Cross Timbers region. Although recognized by some as a variety of D. virgatus, D. acuminatus can be distinguished in the flora area by the red, napiform taproot, pubescent stipules with prominent auricles, and longer petiole with flattened nectary. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (Mimosoid clade) > Desmanthus | Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (Mimosoid clade) > Desmanthus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Acuan covillei, D. covillei var. arizonicus, D. palmeri | Acuan acuminatum, D. depressus var. acuminatus, D. virgatus var. acuminatus |
Name authority | (Britton & Rose) Wiggins: Field & Lab. 18: 128. (1950) | Bentham: J. Bot. (Hooker) 4: 357. (1841) |
Web links |