Descurainia sophioides |
Brassicaceae tribe Descurainieae |
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northern tansy-mustard |
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Habit | Annuals or biennials; eglandular or glandular distally; glabrate to moderately pubescent, trichomes dendritic, sometimes mixed with simple ones. | Annuals or perennials [shrubs]; glandular or eglandular (glands unicellular papillae). |
Stems | erect, unbranched or sometimes branched distally, (0.5–)1.5–11(–18) dm. |
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Basal leaves | petiole 0.5–5 cm; blade pinnate or, sometimes, 2-pinnate, broadly oblanceolate to ovate in outline, 2.5–11.4(–15.2) cm, lateral lobes lanceolate, (to 10 × 4 mm), margins incised. |
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Cauline leaves | sessile or shortly petiolate; blade smaller distally, distal lobes often narrower, surfaces often glabrous or sparsely pubescent. |
usually petiolate, sometimes sessile; blade base not auriculate, margins usually pinnatisect or dentate, sometimes entire. |
Racemes | elongated or not in fruit, (flowers overtopped by developing fruits). |
ebracteate or bracteate, often elongated in fruit. |
Flowers | sepals erect, yellowish, oblong, 1.6–2.7 mm, glabrous; petals narrowly oblanceolate, 2–2.5 × 0.3–0.6 mm; median filaments 2.5–3.5 mm; anthers 0.3–0.4 mm. |
actinomorphic; sepals erect, ascending, spreading, or reflexed, lateral pair not saccate basally; petals usually yellow, sometimes white [pink or purple], claw usually present, sometimes absent, often obscure, obsolete, or distinct; filaments unappendaged, not winged; pollen 3-colpate. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate to ascending, (often recurved in age), slender, (3–)4–9(–13) mm. |
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Fruits | erect to widely spreading, narrowly linear, slightly torulose, (9–)14–30(–34) × 0.6–1.1 mm, (usually terete, rarely slightly flattened, often curved inward); valves each with obscure midvein; septum not veined; ovules 30–62 per ovary; style obsolete, 0.07–0.3 mm, glabrous. |
silicles or siliques, dehiscent, unsegmented, terete or angustiseptate; ovules 4–100[–numerous] per ovary; style usually distinct, sometimes obsolete or absent; stigma entire. |
Seeds | uniseriate, light brown, narrowly oblong, 1–1.5 × 0.3–0.5 mm. |
usually biseriate or uniseriate (rarely 4-seriate in Tropidocarpum); cotyledons usually incumbent, rarely accumbent. |
Trichomes | stalked, dendritic or forked, sometimes simple, rarely absent. |
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2n | = 14. |
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Descurainia sophioides |
Brassicaceae tribe Descurainieae |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Sep. | |
Habitat | Open meadows, eroded peat, roadsides, disturbed and waste sites, rocky outcrops, mining dumps, gravelly grounds, stream banks, gullies | |
Elevation | 0-1000 m (0-3300 ft) | |
Distribution |
AK; BC; MB; NT; NU; YT; Asia (Russian Far East, Siberia) |
North America; Mexico; South America; Europe; Asia; n Africa; Atlantic Islands (Canary Islands) |
Discussion | Genera 6, species ca. 60 (3 genera, 18 species in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 529. | FNA vol. 7, p. 517. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Descurainieae > Descurainia | Brassicaceae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Sisymbrium sophioides, Hesperis arctica, Sisymbrium arcticum, Sophia sophioides | |
Name authority | (Fischer ex Hooker) O. E. Schulz: in H. G. A. Engler, Pflanzenr. 86[IV,105]: 316. (1924) | Al-Shehbaz: Pl. Syst. Evol. 259: 111. (2006) |
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