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fine-leaf tansy-mustard, fixweed, flixweed, flixweed tansymustard, herb sophia, not much flower, tansy mustard

cut-leaf tansymustard, mountain tansy-mustard

Habit Annuals; eglandular; sparsely to densely pubescent, sometimes glabrous distally, trichomes dendritic. Annuals; glandular or eglandular; densely to sparsely pubescent, glabrous or pubescent distally, sometimes canescent, trichomes dendritic.
Stems

erect, unbranched or branched distally, (1–)2–7(–10) dm.

erect, usually unbranched basally, branched distally or sometimes throughout, (1.3–)2–8.2(–10.7) dm.

Basal leaves

petiole 0.1–2(–3) cm;

blade 2- or 3-pinnate, ovate or oblong to obovate in outline, to 15 cm, lateral lobes linear or oblong, (to 10 × 2 mm), margins entire.

petiole 0.5–4.7 cm;

blade pinnate, obovate to oblanceolate in outline, 1.5–10.3 cm, lateral lobes (2–9 pairs), ovate or oblong to lanceolate or linear, margins usually dentate to incised or entire, rarely pinnatifid or crenate.

Cauline leaves

sessile or shortly petiolate;

blade smaller distally, distal lobes often narrower, surfaces often glabrous.

sessile or shortly petiolate;

blade smaller distally, distal lobes oblong, lanceolate, linear, (margins dentate to denticulate or entire), surfaces pubescent or glabrous.

Racemes

considerably elongated in fruit.

considerably elongated in fruit, (glandular or eglandular).

Flowers

sepals erect to ascending, yellowish, oblong, 1.8–2.8 mm, glabrate to sparsely pubescent;

petals narrowly oblanceolate, 2–3 × 0.4–0.6 mm;

median filaments 2–3 mm;

anthers 0.3–0.4 mm.

sepals erect to ascending, yellowish, oblong to ovate, 1.6–2.4 mm, glabrous or pubescent;

petals narrowly oblanceolate, 1.7–2.8 × 0.5–0.9 mm;

median filaments 1.6–2.4 mm;

anthers 0.3–0.4 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

divaricate to ascending, straight, (5–)8–15(–20) mm.

ascending to divaricate or horizontal, straight, (3–)5–25(–30) mm.

Fruits

divaricate-ascending to erect, narrowly linear, torulose, (12–)15–27(–30) × 0.5–0.8(–1) mm, (straight or curved upward);

valves each with distinct midvein;

septum with a broad central longitudinal band appearing as 2 or 3 veins;

ovules 20–48 per ovary;

style obsolete, 0.05–0.2 mm, glabrous.

erect to ascending, linear, slightly torulose, 8–20 × 0.9–1.3 mm, (straight or slightly to strongly curved inward);

valves each not veined or with distinct midvein;

septum not veined;

ovules 14–26 per ovary;

style 0.1–0.3 mm, glabrous.

Seeds

uniseriate, reddish brown, oblong, 0.7–1.3 × 0.3–0.6 mm.

uniseriate, reddish brown, oblong, 0.9–1.3 × 0.5–0.6 mm.

2n

= 28.

Descurainia sophia

Descurainia incisa

Phenology Flowering Mar–Jul.
Habitat Roadsides, waste places, disturbed sites, railroad embankments, hillsides, mountain slopes, canyon bottoms, stream banks, fields, lawns, pastures, deserts, sagebrush and pinyon-juniper communities
Elevation 0-3000 m (0-9800 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NM; NV; NY; OK; OR; PA; RI; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Eurasia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, Central America, South America, South Africa, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; YT; n Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Deviant chromosome counts (e.g., 2n = 12, 14, 20, 38; see R. C. Rollins 1993, N. H. Holmgren 2005b, S. I. Warwick and I. A. Al-Shehbaz 2006) are most certainly erroneous, and the species appears to be exclusively tetraploid based on x = 7.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

As delimited by various authors and as represented in all major herbaria consulted, Descurainia incisa is highly variable in almost all features. The variation is most likely the result of hybridization with all species of the genus that have overlapping ranges. Forms with few-seeded, short fruits tapering at both ends most likely represent hybrids with D. californica; those with sub-biseriate seeds most likely resulted from crossing with D. pinnata, and the origin of forms with somewhat subappressed fruits almost certainly involved D. incana. The recognition of glandular versus eglandular forms as distinct varieties or subspecies is completely artificial. The lectotype (Fendler 29, GH) and isolectotype (MO) are eglandular; a syntype (Fendler 31, MO) is densely glandular.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Fruiting pedicels ascending to divaricate, (3-) 5-10(-12) mm; lateral lobes of basal and proximal cauline blades (3-)5-9 pairs, margins usually coarsely dentate to incised, rarely crenate or pinnatifid; lobes of distal cauline blades oblong to lanceolate, margins dentate to denticulate; fruits straight or curved inward.
subsp. incisa
1. Fruiting pedicels horizontal to divaricate, (10-) 13-25(-30) mm; lateral lobes of basal and proximal cauline blades 2 or 3 (or 4) pairs, margins usually entire; lobes of distal cauline blades linear, margins entire; fruits curved inward.
subsp. paysonii
Source FNA vol. 7, p. 528. FNA vol. 7, p. 523.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Descurainieae > Descurainia Brassicaceae > tribe Descurainieae > Descurainia
Sibling taxa
D. adenophora, D. brevisiliqua, D. californica, D. incana, D. incisa, D. kenheilii, D. longepedicellata, D. nelsonii, D. obtusa, D. paradisa, D. pinnata, D. sophioides, D. torulosa
D. adenophora, D. brevisiliqua, D. californica, D. incana, D. kenheilii, D. longepedicellata, D. nelsonii, D. obtusa, D. paradisa, D. pinnata, D. sophia, D. sophioides, D. torulosa
Subordinate taxa
D. incisa subsp. incisa, D. incisa subsp. paysonii
Synonyms Sisymbrium sophia, Hesperis sophia, Sisymbrium parviflorum, Sophia parviflora Sisymbrium incisum
Name authority (Linnaeus) Webb ex Prantl: in H. G. A. Engler and K. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 55(III,2): 192. (1891) (Engelmann ex A. Gray) Britton: Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 173. (1894)
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