Delphinium trolliifolium |
Delphinium antoninum |
|
---|---|---|
Columbian larkspur, cow-poison, poison delphinium, poison larkspur |
Anthony Peak larkspur, Tracy's larkspur |
|
Stems | (40-)60-120(-180) cm; base usually reddish, glabrous to puberulent. |
(7-)15-30(-60) cm; base reddish, glabrous to puberulent. |
Leaves | blade ± pentagonal, 4-8 × 7-16 cm, margins ± incised, nearly glabrous; ultimate lobes 0-9, width 15-30 mm (basal), 5-20 mm (cauline), widest at middle or in proximal 1/2. |
blade round, 0.8-4 × 1.2-8 cm, ± succulent, nearly glabrous; ultimate lobes 3-15, width 1-8 mm (basal), 1-4 mm (cauline). |
Inflorescences | (5-)14-40(-75)-flowered, ± open, at least 2 times longer than wide; pedicel 1-4(-9) cm, puberulent to glabrous; bracteoles (2-)6-12 mm from flowers, green, linear, 5-9(-14) mm, puberulent. |
3-25-flowered; pedicel (0.6-)1.2-3.2 cm, usually puberulent; bracteoles 4-6 mm from flowers, green, linear, 3-5 mm, puberulent. |
Flowers | sepals dark blue, glabrous, lateral sepals spreading, (8-)14-21 × 5-9 mm, spurs straight or downcurved at apex, within 20° of horizontal, (10-)16-23 mm; lower petal blades covering stamens, 5-10 mm, clefts 1.5-3 mm; hairs sparse, mostly near junction of blade and claw, centered or on inner lobes, well dispersed, yellow. |
sepals dark blue to white, nearly glabrous, lateral sepals spreading to reflexed, 11-13 × 4-6 mm, spurs straight to gently decurved, within 30° above or below horizontal, 12-16 mm; lower petal blades elevated, exposing stamens, 3-7 mm, clefts 1.5-3 mm; hairs centered, mostly on inner lobes above base of cleft, white. |
Fruits | (15-)23-34 mm, 3.8-5.5 times longer than wide, glabrous. |
14-22 mm, 3.5-4 times longer than wide, puberulent. |
Seeds | unwinged; seed coats smooth. |
unwinged; seed coat cells with surfaces smooth. |
2n | = 16. |
|
Delphinium trolliifolium |
Delphinium antoninum |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring. | Flowering late spring–early summer. |
Habitat | Oak woods, coastal chaparral, wet woodlands | Uncommon on moist talus slopes |
Elevation | 30-1100 m (100-3600 ft) | 1100-2700 m (3600-8900 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; OR
|
CA |
Discussion | Delphinium trolliifolium occurs in the northern Coast Range of California, the Columbia River Valley to just east of Mt. Hood, and the Willamette Valley of Oregon upstream to Lane County. California plants differ somewhat from Oregon plants in pubescence patterns and habitat preferences. Further study may show that two entities are involved here. Hybrids between Delphinium trolliifolium and D. decorum, D. menziesii subsp. pallidum (D. ×pavonaceum Ewan, Peacock larkspur), D. nudicaule, D. nuttallianum, and D. nuttallii are known. Delphinium trolliifolium is likely to be confused only with D. bakeri. Refer to discussion under that species for differences. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Delphinium antoninum hybridizes with D. decorum subsp. tracyi and with D. nudicaule. Most often confused with D. decorum subsp. tracyi, it is separable on the basis of its longer root, usually reflexed sepals, and typically colorfast flowers. It also may be confused with D. andersonii; see discussion under that species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Delphinium > sect. Diedropetala > subsect. Grumosa | Ranunculaceae > Delphinium > sect. Diedropetala > subsect. Bicoloria |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8: 375. (1872) | Eastwood: Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 126. (1942) |
Web links |