Delphinium glareosum |
Delphinium cardinale |
|
---|---|---|
Olympic larkspur, Olympic Mountain larkspur, rockslide larkspur |
cardinal larkspur, cardinal or scarlet larkspur, scarlet larkspur |
|
Stems | 20-40 cm; base reddish or not, glabrous, glaucous. |
(33-)50-150(-280) cm; base reddish, ± puberulent. |
Leaves | blade round, 2-4 × 3-7 cm, not succulent, glabrous; ultimate lobes 7-15, width 3-10 mm (basal), 2-7 mm (cauline). |
blade round to reniform, 3-7 × 5-10 cm, nearly glabrous; ultimate lobes 0-27, width 5-40 mm (basal), 0.5-6 mm (cauline). |
Inflorescences | 5-12-flowered; pedicel 1-5(-10) cm, nearly glabrous to glandular-puberulent; bracteoles 2-10(-20) mm from flowers, green, linear, 3-8 mm, puberulent. |
10-40(-80)-flowered, open, narrowly pyramidal; pedicel spreading, (1-)2-5 cm, ± puberulent; bracteoles (2-)7-15(-25) mm from flowers, green, linear, 3-7 mm, glabrous to puberulent. |
Flowers | sepals dark blue, nearly glabrous, lateral sepals spreading, 14-22 × 6-10 mm, spurs ± straight, orientation varies from 30° above to 30° below horizontal, 16-20 mm; lower petal blades slightly elevated, ± covering stamens, 6-9 mm, clefts 2-4 mm; hairs local, densest on inner lobes near base of cleft, white to light yellow. |
sepals red, glabrous, lateral sepals forward pointing, 11-15 × 5-8 mm, spurs straight, stout, slightly ascending, 15-24 mm; lower petal blades nearly coplanar with claw, exposing stamens, 2-5 mm, clefts 0.5-1.5 mm; hairs centered at base of cleft, short, sparse, yellow. |
Fruits | 12-17 mm, 2.5-3 times longer than wide, glabrous. |
erect, 9-18 mm, 2.5-4 times longer than wide, glabrous. |
Seeds | ± wing-margined; seed coat cells with surfaces smooth. |
unwinged; seed coat cells with margins undulate, surfaces roughened. |
2n | = 16. |
|
Delphinium glareosum |
Delphinium cardinale |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering spring–early summer. |
Habitat | Steep rocky subalpine to alpine slopes | Slopes (often unstable) in chaparral |
Elevation | 1500-2800 m (4900-9200 ft) | 50-1500 m (200-4900 ft) |
Distribution |
OR; WA; BC
|
CA; Mexico (Baja California, Baja California Sur)
|
Discussion | See discussion under Delphinium bicolor. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Hybrids between Delphinium cardinale and D. parryi have been named D. ×inflexum Davidson. Because of horticultural interest in red-flowered delphiniums, garden hybrids have been made with D. elatum, D. hesperium, D. hutchinsoniae, D. nudicaule, D. parishii, D. penardii, D. scopulorum, D. tatsienense Franchet, D. uliginosum, and D. zalil Aitchison & Hemsley, although D. cardinale does not grow with any of these in the wild. Plants of Delphinium cardinale are quite variable in size, leaf distribution, and pubescence, resulting in considerable differences between, and sometimes within, populations. No patterns could be seen, however, to justify recognition of separate taxa within D. cardinale. Populations farther south (in Baja California, Mexico) may represent a distinct entity; they require further study. The only possible confusion between Delphinium cardinale (seeds not ringed, fruits erect, grows in relatively dry sites) and another taxon might occur with Delphinium nudicaule (seeds ringed, fruits spreading, grows in moist habitats). The two are separated geographically and phenologically (although D. cardinale may begin flowering in southern California before D. nudicaule has finished in northern California). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Delphinium > sect. Diedropetala > subsect. Bicoloria | Ranunculaceae > Delphinium > sect. Diedropetala > subsect. Wislizenana |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | D. caprorum | |
Name authority | Greene: Pittonia 3: 257. (1898) | Hooker: Bot. Mag., plate 4887. (1855) |
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