Delphinium distichum |
Delphinium nuttallianum |
|
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Burke's larkspur, meadow larkspur, strict larkspur, two-spike larkspur |
dwarf, meadow, Nuttall's larkspur, or Sonne's larkspur, slim, thin-petal larkspur, two-lobe larkspur, upland larkspur |
|
Stems | (25-)30-60(-80) cm; base sometimes reddish, puberulent. |
unbranched, 10-40(-70) cm; base reddish, pubescence variable. |
Leaves | blade cuneate to semicircular, 1-5 × 1.5-7 cm, puberulent; ultimate lobes 5-19, width 2-8(-15) mm (basal), 0.5-3(-5) mm (cauline); margins of basal leaf, measured less than 1 cm from blade base, demarcating considerably more than 90° of arc when leaf laid flat; most cauline leaf blades exceeding internodes. |
blade round, 1-6 × 2-12 cm, nearly glabrous; ultimate lobes 5-21, 5 or more extending more than 3/5 distance to petiole, width 1-7(-14) mm (basal), 0.5-6 mm (cauline), widest at middle or in proximal 1/2. |
Inflorescences | 8-30(-40)-flowered, usually dense; pedicel 0.5-1.5 cm, puberulent; bracteoles 0-3 mm from flowers, green to blue, linear, 4-8 mm, puberulent. |
4-18(-48)-flowered, at least 2 times as long as wide; pedicel 0.8-6 cm, pubescence variable; bracteoles 3-8(-18) mm from flowers, green to blue, linear, 3-7 mm, pubescence variable. |
Flowers | sepals dark blue to bluish purple, puberulent, lateral sepals ± erect, 8-12 × 3.5-5 mm, spurs straight, horizontal or nearly so, 9-15 mm; lower petal blades ± covering stamens, 4.5-6.5 mm, clefts 2-3 mm; hairs centered mostly near base of cleft, white. |
sepals usually bluish purple, rarely white to pink, puberulent, lateral sepals reflexed or spreading, 8-21 × 3-10 mm, spurs decurved to straight, ascending 20-60° above horizontal, 8-23 mm; lower petal blades elevated, exposing stamens, blue to purple, except sometimes in white-flowered plants, 4-11 mm, clefts 2-5 mm; hairs mostly on inner lobes below junction of blade and claw, white, rarely yellow. |
Fruits | 7-13 mm, 3.5-4 times longer than wide, ± puberulent. |
7-22 mm, 3.5-5 times longer than wide, glabrous to puberulent. |
Seeds | seed coat cells with surfaces roughened. |
winged or not; seed coat cell surfaces smooth or roughened, blunt hairs absent. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16. |
Delphinium distichum |
Delphinium nuttallianum |
|
Phenology | Flowering late spring–early summer. | Flowering spring (-early summer). |
Habitat | Wet meadows | Open coniferous woods, grassy sage scrub, meadow edges and well drained streamsides (generally not in very wet sites) |
Elevation | 100-2400 m (300-7900 ft) | 300-3500 m (1000-11500 ft) |
Distribution |
ID; MT; OR; WA; WY; BC
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AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; BC
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Discussion | Delphinium distichum hybridizes with D. multiplex and D. nuttallianum (D. ×diversicolor Rydberg). The name D. burkei has often been misapplied to D. distichum. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Delphinium nuttallianum represents an extremely difficult complex, with many variations in a number of morphologic traits. The complex has been and continues to be a major source of confusion for identification of Delphinium in North America. Type specimens of D. nuttallianum represent plants growing under dry conditions in open areas. These are typically found at 1200-2000 m in sage scrub or lower montane forest. Delphinium nuttallianum may be confused with D. andersonii, D. antoninum, D. depauperatum, D. gracilentum, and two subspecies of D. patens (subsp. patens and subsp. montanum). Features that may be used to separate D. nuttallianum from the first four, are enumerated under the respective species discussions. From D. patens subsp. patens, D. nuttallianum may be distinguished by its narrower leaf lobes, larger fruits, and more compact inflorescence. The frequent presence of glandular hairs in the inflorescence of D. patens subsp. montanum, contrasted with their absence in D. nuttallianum, will separate these taxa. Dwarfed plants of D. polycladon may be confused with D. nuttallianum. The latter, however may be distinguished by its ringed seeds, and it does not have prominent buds or sigmoid pedicel. Hybrids have been seen between Delphinium nuttallianum and D. andersonii, D. depauperatum (D. ×burkei Greene), D. distichum (D. ×diversicolor Rydberg), D. nudicaule, and D. polycladon. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Delphinium > sect. Diedropetala > subsect. Depauperata | Ranunculaceae > Delphinium > sect. Diedropetala > subsect. Grumosa |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | D. strictum var. distichiflorum | D. pauciflorum, D. nuttallianum var. fulvum, D. nuttallianum var. levicaule, D. sonnei |
Name authority | Geyer ex Hooker: J. Bot. 6: 68. (1847) | Pritzel: in Walpers, Repert. Bot. Syst. 1: 744. (1842) |
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