Delphinium carolinianum |
Delphinium umbraculorum |
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Carolina larkspur |
umbrella larkspur |
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Stems | (20-)40-90(-150) cm; base reddish or not, ± pubescent. |
40-70(-90) cm; base often reddish, glabrous or puberulent. |
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Leaves | blade round to pentagonal, 1-8 × 2-12 cm, pubescence variable; ultimate lobes 3-29, width 2-10 mm (basal), 1-7 mm (cauline). |
blade round to pentagonal, 1.5-4 × 2-6 cm, nearly glabrous; ultimate lobes 3-13, width 3-20 mm (basal), 1-8 mm (cauline). |
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Inflorescences | (3-)8-27(-94)-flowered; pedicel (0.4-)0.7-1.8(-5.7) cm, nearly glabrous to glandular; bracteoles 1-3.5(-6) mm from flowers, green or blue, linear, 2-7 mm, pubescence nearly glabrous to glandular. |
(5-)10-25(-45)-flowered, open, narrowly pyramidal; pedicel 0.5-3(-7) cm, glabrous to puberulent; bracteoles 3-7 mm from flowers, green, linear, 3-6 mm, puberulent. |
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Flowers | sepals purple to blue to white, nearly glabrous, lateral sepals spreading, (7-)9-14(-17) × (3-)3.5-6(-8) mm, spurs ± upcurved, ascending 20-90° above vertical, (9-)11-17(-19) mm; lower petal blades ± covering stamens, 5-7 mm, cleft 2-4 mm; hairs centered, densest near base of cleft, white, sometimes blue or yellow. |
sepals dark blue, puberulent, lateral sepals spreading, 9-16 × 4-7 mm, spurs gently upcurved, ascending 30-45° above horizontal, 8-14 mm; lower petal blades elevated, exposing stamens, 3.5-6 mm, clefts 0.5-1.5 mm; hairs densest near junction of blade and claw above base of cleft, centered or on inner lobes, white. |
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Fruits | (10-)12.5-18.5(-27) mm, 4-4.5 times longer than wide, glabrous to puberulent. |
9-16(-19) mm, 2.5-3(-4) times longer than wide, puberulent. |
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Seeds | seed coat cells with surfaces pustulate or smooth. |
seed coat cells brick-shaped, cell margins straight, surfaces smooth. |
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2n | = 16. |
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Delphinium carolinianum |
Delphinium umbraculorum |
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Phenology | Flowering late spring–early summer. | |||||||||||||
Habitat | Slopes in oak forests | |||||||||||||
Elevation | 400-1600 m (1300-5200 ft) | |||||||||||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CO; FL; GA; IA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MN; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; OK; SC; SD; TN; TX; WI; MB; Mexico
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CA
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Discussion | Subspecies 4 (4 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Delphinium umbraculorum is most often confused with D. patens subsp. hepaticoideum; refer to discussion of that taxon for distinguishing features. Hybrids occur with D. parryi and D. patens subsp. montanum. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Delphinium > sect. Diedropetala > subsect. Virescens | Ranunculaceae > Delphinium > sect. Diedropetala > subsect. Subscaposa | ||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||
Name authority | Walter: Fl. Carol., 155. (1788) | H. F. Lewis & Epling: Brittonia 8: 19. (1954) | ||||||||||||
Web links |