Delphinium carolinianum |
Delphinium madrense |
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Carolina larkspur |
Edwards' Plateau larkspur, Sierra madre larkspur |
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Stems | (20-)40-90(-150) cm; base reddish or not, ± pubescent. |
30-80(-100) cm; base often reddish, puberulent. |
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Leaves | blade round to pentagonal, 1-8 × 2-12 cm, pubescence variable; ultimate lobes 3-29, width 2-10 mm (basal), 1-7 mm (cauline). |
blade semicircular to cordate, 2-8 × 2-10 cm, nearly glabrous; ultimate lobes 3-12, width 3-10 mm (basal), 2-6 mm (cauline). |
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Inflorescences | (3-)8-27(-94)-flowered; pedicel (0.4-)0.7-1.8(-5.7) cm, nearly glabrous to glandular; bracteoles 1-3.5(-6) mm from flowers, green or blue, linear, 2-7 mm, pubescence nearly glabrous to glandular. |
5-75(-98)-flowered; pedicel 1-2.5(-5) cm, puberulent; bracteoles 2-4(-8) mm from flowers, green, lanceolate-linear, 3-5 mm, puberulent. |
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Flowers | sepals purple to blue to white, nearly glabrous, lateral sepals spreading, (7-)9-14(-17) × (3-)3.5-6(-8) mm, spurs ± upcurved, ascending 20-90° above vertical, (9-)11-17(-19) mm; lower petal blades ± covering stamens, 5-7 mm, cleft 2-4 mm; hairs centered, densest near base of cleft, white, sometimes blue or yellow. |
sepals dark blue to light blue, puberulent, lateral sepals spreading, 9-15 × 5-7 mm, spurs straight, ascending ca. 45(-90)°, 10-15(-19) mm; lower petal blades elevated, exposing stamens, 4-7 mm, clefts 2-4 mm; hairs centered, densest on inner lobes near base of cleft, white. |
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Fruits | (10-)12.5-18.5(-27) mm, 4-4.5 times longer than wide, glabrous to puberulent. |
15-21 mm, 3.5-4.5 times longer than wide, nearly glabrous. |
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Seeds | seed coat cells with surfaces pustulate or smooth. |
seed coat cells with surfaces pustulate. |
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Delphinium carolinianum |
Delphinium madrense |
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Phenology | Flowering spring–early summer. | |||||||||||||
Habitat | Calcareous slopes, oak woods or desert scrub | |||||||||||||
Elevation | 300-2100 m (1000-6900 ft) | |||||||||||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CO; FL; GA; IA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MN; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; OK; SC; SD; TN; TX; WI; MB; Mexico
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TX; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas) |
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Discussion | Subspecies 4 (4 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Delphinium madrense hybridizes with D. carolinianum subspp. vimineum and virescens. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Delphinium > sect. Diedropetala > subsect. Virescens | Ranunculaceae > Delphinium > sect. Diedropetala > subsect. Virescens | ||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||
Name authority | Walter: Fl. Carol., 155. (1788) | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 17: 141. (1890) | ||||||||||||
Web links |