Flora of North America species comparison

± solid.

usually ± erect, rarely decumbent.

proximal blades toothed, faces hirsute.

mostly cauline (annuals forming winter–spring rosettes, usually withering by flowering);

proximal opposite, most alternate;

sessile;

blades oblanceolate to linear or lance-linear, usually pinnatifid or toothed, sometimes serrate or entire, faces often hirsute or hispid-hirsute, sometimes villous, pilose, pubescent, canescent, strigose, or scabrous (often sessile- or stipitate-glandular as well) or glabrous (with scabrous or hispid margins).

subtending heads usually overlapping at least proximal 1/2 of each involucre.

± obconic, campanulate, hemispheric, or urceolate, 2–13+ mm diam.

flat to convex, glabrous or setulose, paleate (paleae falling, in 1 series between rays and disc in annuals, in 2–3+ series or subtending all or most disc florets in subshrubs and shrubs, connate or distinct, phyllary-like, more scarious).

5;

laminae deep yellow, 6–14 mm.

3–35, pistillate, fertile;

corollas deep or pale yellow.

6, all or mostly functionally staminate;

anthers reddish to dark purple.

3–70, usually functionally staminate, seldom bisexual and fertile;

corollas yellow, tubes shorter than or about equaling funnelform throats, lobes 5, deltate (anthers usually reddish to dark purple or yellow, rarely maroon; styles glabrous proximal to branches).

sessile-glandular near margins, sometimes with non-glandular, non-pustule-based hairs as well.

falling, 3–35 in 1 series (± lanceolate to lance-attenuate or oblanceolate, herbaceous, each usually 1/2 enveloping subtended ray floret proximally, abaxially ± hirsute and sessile- or stipitate-glandular).

usually in glomerules or pairs, sometimes well separated, in racemiform or paniculiform arrays.

radiate, usually in corymbiform or ± paniculiform arrays, sometimes in racemiform arrays or in glomerules.

usually 0;

pappi (of disc florets) usually of 1–15 elliptic, lance-linear, lanceolate, linear, oblong, quadrate, setiform, or subulate, entire, erose, fimbriate, fringed, or laciniate scales, sometimes 0 or coroniform (crowns of ± linear, sometimes fimbriate scales).

slightly obcompressed (adaxial sides flatter than abaxials), clavate (abaxially gibbous, often ± arcuate, basal attachments oblique, apices ± beaked, beaks offset adaxially, ascending, faces glabrous);

pappi 0.

in 1 series.

of 5–12 lanceolate to oblong or linear, entire or fringed scales 1–1.5 mm.

bracts: pit-glands, tack-glands, and spines 0.

= 12 or 13.

= 24.