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Indian rosewood, rosewood

Brown's Indian rosewood, Browne's Indian rosewood

Habit Shrubs or trees [lianas], unarmed. Shrubs or trees, to 10 m; stems often somewhat scandent.
Stems

erect or scandent, young growth densely strigose or villous or glabrescent, peduncles and pedicels eglandular.

Leaves

alternate, odd-pinnate or unifoliolate;

stipules present, caducous;

petiolate;

leaflets 1–5[+], alternate, stipels absent, blade margins entire, surfaces glabrous or pubescent.

unifoliolate;

stipules deltate-ovate, 1–2 × 1 mm, apex acute;

petiole 0.5–1.5 cm, glabrous or puberulent;

petiolules 2–3 mm, glabrous or pilose;

leaflet blades ovate to ovate-elliptic, 40–80 × 20–40 mm, base cordate to rounded, apex usually acute, sometimes acuminate or obtuse, surfaces lustrous, glabrous or lightly appressed-pubescent, hairs minute.

Inflorescences

10–50-flowered, axillary [lateral or terminal], racemes, panicles, or corymbs;

bracts present;

bracteoles paired proximal to calyx.

corymbose-paniculate, axes pilose becoming glabrate;

bracts subpersistent, blade deltate, 1–2 × 1 mm, apex acute to obtuse;

bracteoles caducous, blade elliptic-ovate, to 1 mm, apex acute to obtuse.

Pedicels

1.5–2 mm.

Flowers

papilionaceous;

calyx campanulate, lobes 5;

corolla usually white, creamy white, or yellowish, sometimes pinkish [purple], glabrous;

stamens 9 or 10, monadelphous or diadelphous [triadelphous];

anthers basifixed, relatively small, dehiscing apically;

style glabrous;

stigma terminal, small.

calyx 4 mm, base slightly narrowed, often subsericeous, sometimes glabrate, abaxial lobe 1 mm longer than lateral lobes, adaxial lobes connate nearly to apex, longer than lateral;

corolla usually white, sometimes pinkish, 8–10 mm;

stamens 10, monadelphous;

filaments alternately long and short;

pistil glabrous.

Fruits

legumes, stalk present, compressed, straight, compressed, narrowly ellipsoid to oblong or subglobose to subreniform, indehiscent, often winged (samaroid), glabrous or pubescent.

Legumes

stalk 3 mm;

ellipsoid to oblong, 15–50 × 10 mm, base cuneate to rounded, apex usually obtuse, surface lustrous, glabrous.

Seeds

1–4[–6], reniform;

hilum lateral.

1–4.

x

= 10.

Dalbergia

Dalbergia brownei

Phenology Flowering May.
Habitat Hammocks and lagoons.
Elevation 0–10 m. (0–0 ft.)
Distribution
from USDA
Mexico; Central America; South America; Florida; West Indies; Asia; Africa; tropical to warm temperate areas
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Species ca. 100 (3 in the flora).

Dalbergia includes important timber species prized for the color and grain of the wood (M. Chudnoff 1984).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Dalbergia brownei is listed as endangered in Florida.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Leaves 3–5-foliolate; leaflet blades ovate, apex abruptly acuminate or cuspidate; stamens 9; corolla creamy white to yellowish; legumes narrowly ellipsoid to oblong, stalk 5–6 mm; seeds 1 or 2(–4).
D. sissoo
1. Leaves unifoliolate; leaflet blades elliptic, ovate, or ovate-elliptic, apex usually acute, sometimes acuminate or obtuse, or abruptly narrowed to obtuse tip; stamens 10; corolla often white, sometimes pinkish; legumes ellipsoid to oblong or subglobose to subreniform, stalk 3 mm; seeds 1–4.
→ 2
2. Legumes ellipsoid to oblong, 10 mm wide; seeds 1–4; leaflet apex usually acute, sometimes acuminate or obtuse, surfaces lustrous, glabrous or lightly appressed-pubescent, hairs minute.
D. brownei
2. Legumes subglobose to subreniform, 15–20 mm wide; seed 1; leaflet apex abruptly narrowed to obtuse tip, surfaces sublustrous, subsericeous becoming moderately appressed-pubescent or glabrous.
D. ecastaphyllum
Source FNA vol. 11. Authors: Velva E. Rudd†, Michael A. Vincent. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Dalbergia
Sibling taxa
D. ecastaphyllum, D. sissoo
Subordinate taxa
D. brownei, D. ecastaphyllum, D. sissoo
Synonyms Amerimnon, Ecastaphyllum Amerimnon brownei
Name authority Linnaeus f.: Suppl. Pl., 52, 316. (1782) — name conserved (Jacquin) Schinz: Bull. Herb. Boissier 6: 731. (1898)
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