Cytisus scoparius |
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common broom, Scot's broom, Scotch broom, Scottish broom |
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Habit | Shrubs (0.7–)1.5–3 m; twigs erect or ascending, green, strongly 5-angled, pubescent or glabrescent. |
Leaves | 12–15 mm; petiole (2–)6–10 mm, densely pilose, appressed-villous, or glabrate; leaflets (1 or)3 or 5 (often unifoliolate in new growth), blades obovate or oblong, 5–6.5(–9) × (1.5–)2–4 mm, base rounded, apex abruptly acuminate or cuspidate, surfaces lustrous with age, puberulent or glabrous. |
Inflorescences | erect, 1(2 or 3)-flowered. |
Pedicels | (3–)6–10(–12) mm, glabrous. |
Flowers | calyx campanulate, 5–7 mm, lips barely lobed, puberulent or glabrous; corolla usually yellow, rarely white throughout, wings sometimes reddish, 16–20(–25) mm, banner reflexed or not. |
Legumes | laterally compressed, narrowly oblong, 3.1–4(–5.5) cm, surfaces glabrous, margins villous. |
Seeds | 4–12, brown, reniform, 2–3 mm. |
2n | = 24, 46, 48. |
Cytisus scoparius |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jun(–Oct). |
Habitat | Thickets, roadsides. |
Elevation | 0–1000 m. [0–3300 ft.] |
Distribution |
AK; AL; CA; CT; DC; DE; GA; ID; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MT; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; SC; TN; VA; WA; WV; BC; NS; PE; s Europe; w Europe; nw Africa; n Atlantic Islands [Introduced in North America; introduced also in s South America (Argentina, Chile), Pacific Islands (New Zealand)]
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Discussion | Cytisus scoparius is a problem exotic (C. C. Bossard 1991, 1993, 1996), especially in the coastal regions of Oregon, Washington, and southern British Columbia, where infestations cover nearly one million hectares. It has long been in cultivation and was introduced to North America in 1850. Plants with reddish wing petals have been distinguished as var. andreanus. Forms with white petals, double-petaled flowers, and dwarf, compact, or procumbent growth forms are known. Cytisus × dallimorei Rolfe, the hybrid of C. scoparius and C. multiflorus, has been recorded from California. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | |
Sibling taxa | |
Synonyms | Spartium scoparium, C. scoparius var. andreanus |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Link: Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 241. (1822) |
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