Cyperus retrorsus |
Cyperus fuscus |
|
---|---|---|
pine barren flatsedge |
brown flatsedge, brown galingale |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, shortly rhizomatous. | Herbs, annual, cespitose. |
Culms | trigonous, 20–50(–85) cm × 1–2(–4) mm, glabrous. |
trigonous, 2–30 cm × 0.6–1.1 mm, glabrous. |
Leaves | 3–6(–10), 10–40(–55) cm × 1.5–4(–5) mm, V- to inversely W-shaped. |
flat, 4–10 cm × 2–4 mm. |
Inflorescence(s) | spike 1, densely oblong-ovoid often with small basal branches, 8–16 × 4–12(–16) mm; rays 4–8(–11), 0.5–3.5(–8.5) cm; bracts (3–)4–6(–10), ascending at (30–)45°, flat to broadly V-shaped, (4–)14–30(–55) cm × 1–5 mm, scabridulous along margins only; rachilla deciduous, wings persistent, 0.2–0.3 mm wide. |
rays 1–3, 0.2–1.5 cm; 2d order rays present in robust plants, to 5 mm; bracts 2–3, longest erect, others spreading, 1–20 cm × 1.5–3 mm. |
Spikelets | 40–120, oblong-lanceoloid, subterete, 2.2–4(–4.5) × 0.8–1.6 mm; distal spikelet spreading or ascending; floral scales persistent, 2–5, appressed, brown to stramineous, or fuscous and lustrous, medially greenish and 1(–3)-ribbed, laterally greenish to yellowish white and 3–4-ribbed, oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 1.8–2.5 × 1–1.5 mm, subcoriacous. |
3–12, narrowly ellipsoid, flattened, 3–7 × 0.9–1.2 mm; floral scales 8–12(–16), laterally purplish brown, medially greenish yellow, 3-ribbed medially, orbiculate, 0.9–1.1 × 1 mm, apex mucronate. |
Flowers | anthers 0.3–0.5 mm; styles 0.5–0.8 mm; stigmas 0.6–0.9 mm. |
stamen 1; anthers ellipsoid, 0.2 mm, connective not prolonged; styles 0.3–0.4 mm; stigmas 0.3 mm. |
Achenes | brown, oblong-ellipsoid, 1.2–1.7 × 0.5–0.6 mm, base cuneate, apex subacute, surfaces papillose. |
light brown, ellipsoid, 0.7–0.9 × 0.4 mm, base barely stipelike to narrowly cuneate, apex acute, surfaces glabrous. |
Cyperus retrorsus |
Cyperus fuscus |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer (Jun–Aug). | Fruiting summer. |
Habitat | Open woods and thickets in moist to dry, sandy soils | Damp, disturbed soils, emergent shorelines, puddles |
Elevation | 0–1000 m (0–3300 ft) | 0–1700 m (0–5600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; DC; DE; FL; GA; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA; Mexico (Tamaulipas)
|
CA; CT; MA; MD; MO; NE; NJ; NV; PA; SD; VA; ON; QC; Eurasia [Introduced in North America]
|
Discussion | Cyperus retrorsus was reported in Indiana (M. L. Horvat 1941); we have been unable to confirm the report. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
A native of temperate Eurasia, Cyperus fuscus is intermittently adventive and locally established 35°–45° N latitude. The report from New York (M. L. Fernald 1950) is based on a misidentification of C. diandrus (R. S. Mitchell and G. C. Tucker 1997). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 187. | FNA vol. 23, p. 157. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Cyperus | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Pycnostachys |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mariscus cylindricus, C. cylindricus, Mariscus retrorsus | |
Name authority | Chapman: Bot. Gaz. 3: 17. (1878) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 46. (1753) |
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