Cyperus prolixus |
Cyperus sphacelatus |
|
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mosquito flatsedge |
roadside flatsedge |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial; rhizomes 3–20 cm × 1–2 cm, indurate. | Herbs, annual or perennial, cespitose. |
Culms | stoutly trigonous, thickened, 50–300 cm × 5–30 mm, basally indurate, glabrous. |
trigonous, 15–60 cm × 1–3 mm, glabrous. |
Leaves | V-shaped, with cross ribs, 40–130 cm × 10–15 mm, margins and keel scabrid. |
2–6, flat to V-shaped, 6–30(–40) cm × 2–4 mm. |
Inflorescences | spikes appressed-ascending, narrowly cylindric, (2–)3–45 mm × (4–)7–10 mm; rays (5–)9–12, 2–22(–30) cm; 2d order rays distinctly flattened, 1–10 cm; 3d order rays flattened, 0.5–3 cm; rachis 2.5–4 cm; bracts (6–)9–10, ascending at 45–75°, V- or inversely W-shaped, (5–)15–90 cm × 0.5–20 mm; rachilla persistent, wings 0.2–0.4 mm wide. |
spikes broadly ellipsoid, 5–45 × 10–30(–45) mm; rays (2–)5–9, (0.3–)3–10 cm; rachis 4–17 mm; bracts 5–6, horizontal to ascending, V-shaped, 1.5–30 cm × 0.5–4 mm; rachilla persistent, wings hyaline, 0.4–0.5 mm wide. |
Spikelets | (4–)10–35, appressed-ascending, compressed, linear, 7–12(–15) × 0.6–1.2 mm; floral scales deciduous, 6–20, marginally clear, laterally brown, medially green, laterally 2–3-ribbed, medially 1-ribbed, oblong-ovate, (3.2–) 3.8–4.3 × 1.2–1.7 mm, apex spreading, acute to obtuse, mucronulate. |
5–30, pale greenish white or stramineous, compressed, linear-lanceoloid, 7–35 × (1.2–)1.4–2 mm; floral scales deciduous, 6–34, spreading or appressed, laterally greenish white, often reddish or brown speckled, medially green, laterally 3–5-ribbed, medially 3-ribbed, elliptic, (2.2–)3–4(–4.4) × (1.2–)1.8–2.2 mm, apex acute. |
Flowers | anthers 0.7–0.9 mm, connective apex bright red, oblong, to 0.1 mm; styles 0.8–1.3 mm; stigmas 2–3.3 mm. |
anthers 0.6 mm; styles 0.6–1.2 mm; stigmas 1–1.4(–1.7) mm. |
Achenes | brown, sessile, narrowly ellipsoid, 1.8–2.5 × 0.8–1.3 mm, apex ± acute, not apiculate, surfaces puncticulate. |
reddish brown to dark brown, stipitate, narrowly ellipsoid, 1.4–2 × 0.6–0.9 mm, apex apiculate, surfaces puncticulate. |
Cyperus prolixus |
Cyperus sphacelatus |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer. | Fruiting summer. |
Habitat | Coastal marshes | Disturbed, wet soils |
Elevation | 0–10 m [0–30 ft] | 0 m [0 ft] |
Distribution |
LA; Mexico; Central America; South America |
FL; Central America; South America; West Indies; Africa [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Cyperus prolixus produces large plants, similar in habit to C. giganteus and C. papyrus but easily distinguished by flattened rays. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 167. | FNA vol. 23, p. 170. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. amplissimus | C. balbisii |
Name authority | Kunth: in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 1: 206. (1816) | Rottbøll: Descr. Pl. Rar., 21. (1772) |
Web links |