Cyperus prolixus |
Cyperus lancastriensis |
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mosquito flatsedge |
manyflower flatsedge, Porter's sedge |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial; rhizomes 3–20 cm × 1–2 cm, indurate. | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, with inconspicuous, short rhizomes scarcely visible between culm bases. |
Culms | stoutly trigonous, thickened, 50–300 cm × 5–30 mm, basally indurate, glabrous. |
basally cormlike, trigonous, (10–)20–80 cm × 1–3 mm, glabrous. |
Leaves | V-shaped, with cross ribs, 40–130 cm × 10–15 mm, margins and keel scabrid. |
inversely W-shaped, 20–70 cm × 5–11 mm, adaxial surface, margins minutely scabridulous. |
Inflorescences | spikes appressed-ascending, narrowly cylindric, (2–)3–45 mm × (4–)7–10 mm; rays (5–)9–12, 2–22(–30) cm; 2d order rays distinctly flattened, 1–10 cm; 3d order rays flattened, 0.5–3 cm; rachis 2.5–4 cm; bracts (6–)9–10, ascending at 45–75°, V- or inversely W-shaped, (5–)15–90 cm × 0.5–20 mm; rachilla persistent, wings 0.2–0.4 mm wide. |
spikes densely ellipsoid to obovoid, 2.5–4.3 × 1.5–3 cm; rays 5–10, 4–20 cm, glabrous; rachis 7–14 mm; bracts 3–8, horizontal to ascending at 45°, flat, 5–35 cm × 2.5–6 mm; rachilla persistent, wings 0.5 mm wide. |
Spikelets | (4–)10–35, appressed-ascending, compressed, linear, 7–12(–15) × 0.6–1.2 mm; floral scales deciduous, 6–20, marginally clear, laterally brown, medially green, laterally 2–3-ribbed, medially 1-ribbed, oblong-ovate, (3.2–) 3.8–4.3 × 1.2–1.7 mm, apex spreading, acute to obtuse, mucronulate. |
50–90, linear-lanceoloid to linear-subulate, ± terete-quadrangular, (11–)12–13(–15) × 1.1–1.6 mm; distal spikelet spreading or ascending; floral scales persistent, 3–6(–8), appressed, whitish green or often yellow-tinted, sometimes reddish striate, laterally 4-ribbed, ovate-lanceolate, (3.9–)4.2–4.6(–4.8) × 1.6–2 mm. |
Flowers | anthers 0.7–0.9 mm, connective apex bright red, oblong, to 0.1 mm; styles 0.8–1.3 mm; stigmas 2–3.3 mm. |
anthers 0.7–1 mm; styles 1–1.5 mm; stigmas 2–3 mm. |
Achenes | brown, sessile, narrowly ellipsoid, 1.8–2.5 × 0.8–1.3 mm, apex ± acute, not apiculate, surfaces puncticulate. |
yellowish brown to brown, ± stipitate, conspicuously falcate, 3–4 times long as wide, oblong, 2.2–2.6 × 0.6–0.7 mm, apex obtuse, surfaces puncticulate. |
Cyperus prolixus |
Cyperus lancastriensis |
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Phenology | Fruiting summer. | Fruiting summer (Jul–Aug). |
Habitat | Coastal marshes | Disturbed, sunny or partly shaded places in mesic or dry-mesic soils, often on riverbanks and flood plains |
Elevation | 0–10 m [0–30 ft] | 0–800 m [0–2600 ft] |
Distribution |
LA; Mexico; Central America; South America |
AL; AR; DC; DE; FL; GA; KY; MD; MO; NC; NJ; OH; PA; SC; TN; VA; WV
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Discussion | Cyperus prolixus produces large plants, similar in habit to C. giganteus and C. papyrus but easily distinguished by flattened rays. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 167. | FNA vol. 23. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. amplissimus | C. refractus var. lancastriensis, Mariscus lancastriensis |
Name authority | Kunth: in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 1: 206. (1816) | Porter: in A. Gray, Manual ed. 5 issue 6, 555. (1867) |
Web links |