Cyperus parishii |
Cyperus lupulinus |
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Parish flatsedge, Parish's flatsedge, Parish's nutgrass |
Great Plains flatsedge, slender sand sedge |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, cespitose. | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, bases cormose; rhizomes knotted, beaded. | ||||
Culms | trigonous, 5–25 cm × 1–1.5 mm, glabrous. |
trigonous, (3–)10–50 cm × 0.4–1.2 mm, glabrous. |
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Leaves | flat, 5–40 cm × 1–3.5 mm. |
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Inflorescences | spikes loosely ovoid, 15–25 mm wide; rays 1–6, 2–7 cm; bracts 2–5, 3–20 cm, ascending; rachilla deciduous, winged. |
spikes rather densely ovoid to globose, 1.2–3.5 cm; rays 0 or 1–4, 1–6 cm; rachis 1–3.5 mm; bracts 2–4, horizontal to reflexed, flat, 6–25 cm; rachilla ± deciduous, wingless. |
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Spikelets | 5–30, linear, flattened, 6–22 × 1.5–2.2 mm; floral scales ± deciduous, (4–)8–12, red, reddish purple, or reddish brown, medially green, elliptic, laterally 2–4-ribbed, 2.3–3.1 × 1.2–2 mm, apex acute to obtuse. |
15–60, compressed, oblong-lanceoloid, (3–)6–22 × 2.5–4 mm; floral scales deciduous, 5–22, off-white to light reddish brown, laterally 3–5-ribbed, ovate-elliptic, 2.5–4 × 2–2.6 mm, margins loosely spreading or clasping achene, apex entire to mucronate, mucro 0.05–0.2 mm. |
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Flowers | anthers 0.3–0.4 mm; styles 1 mm; stigmas 1.3–1.6 mm. |
anthers 0.3–0.6 mm; styles 1 mm; stigmas 1–1.5 mm. |
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Achenes | brown to dark purplish brown, broadly ellipsoid, 1–1.3 × 0.6–0.9 mm, surfaces puncticulate. |
dark brown or black, sessile, oblong-ellipsoid to ellipsoid, 1.7–2.2 × 0.8–1.2 mm, apex obtuse, apiculate, surfaces puncticulate. |
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2n | = 166. |
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Cyperus parishii |
Cyperus lupulinus |
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Phenology | Fruiting summer. | |||||
Habitat | Stream banks, desert washes, arroyos, roadsides | |||||
Elevation | 0 800 m (0 2600 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AZ; CA; NM
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AR; CO; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; NB; NS; ON; QC
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Cyperus lupulinus was studied in detail (B. G. Marcks 1974). Ranges of the two subspecies overlap somewhat. Cyperus lupulinus subsp. lupulinus is found chiefly in the Great Plains, and subsp. macilentus is centered in the Northeast. It is seldom difficult to assign specimens to subspecies. The hybrid of Cyperus lupulinus with C. schweinitzii is C. ×mesochorus Geise. It is occasionally encountered with the two parent species in the north-central states (Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin) and has been recorded once from Quebec. The hybrid is similar in size to C. schweinitzii; it has fewer rays, inflorescence bracts 30–45º above horizontal, and floral scales with mucros 0.4–0.5 mm. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 170. | FNA vol. 23, p. 176. | ||||
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Cyperus | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Cyperus | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | C. congestus var. parishii | Scirpus lupulinus | ||||
Name authority | Britton ex Parish: Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 3: 52, plate 3. (1904) | (Sprengel) Marcks: Trans. Wisconsin Acad. Sci. 62: 271. (1974) | ||||
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