Cyperus mutisii |
Cyperus tetragonus |
|
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mutis' flatsedge |
fourangle flatsedge |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, rhizomatous. | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, rhizomatous. |
Culms | trigonous, (20–)30–120 cm × 1.4–3.5 mm, glabrous or occasionally with scattered prickles on distal angles. |
trigonous, (20–) 30–80 cm × 1–2.5 mm, glabrous or occasionally with scattered prickles on distal angles. |
Leaves | 2–4(–6), inversely W-shaped, 10–60(–70) cm × (2–)4–13 mm, margins and midribs scabridulous or glabrous. |
9–11, flat to slightly V-shaped, 25–80 cm × 3.5–10 mm. |
Inflorescences | spikes (1–)3–6, narrowly cylindric, 1–4(–6) cm × 5–11 mm; rays 0 or 3–6, 2–23 cm; bracts 5–8, ascending at ± 45°, inversely W-shaped, (4–) 14–40(–46) cm × 1–12 mm; rachilla deciduous, wings persistent, 0.3–0.5 mm wide. |
spikes (1–)3–6, loosely cylindric or oblong with parallel sides, 1.5–4 cm × 10–17 mm; rays 6–12, 2–25 cm, glabrous or rarely scabridulous proximal to spikes; bracts 6–11, ascending at 45°, flat, (1–)10–20(–26) cm × 1–10 mm; rachilla deciduous, wings persistent, 0.4–0.5 mm wide. |
Spikelets | 35–100, oblong-ellipsoid, ± terete, elliptic in cross section, 3–7 × (0.9–) 1.3–2 mm; distal spikelets spreading or ascending; floral scales persistent, 1–2(–5), appressed, becoming clear at maturity, laterally brownish to reddish brown, medially greenish, laterally 3–5-ribbed, medially 3-ribbed, often erose at maturity, ovate to elliptic, 2.2–3.2 × 1.5–2.1 mm, apex obtuse. |
10–60, narrowly ellipsoid, quadrangular, 5–8 × 1.5–2 mm; floral scales persistent, (2–)3–7, appressed, clear at maturity, laterally reddish to purplish brown, medially greenish, often erose at maturity, laterally 3–5-ribbed, medially 3-ribbed, ovate-elliptic, 2.5–3.2 × 1.8–2.1 mm, apex obtuse. |
Flowers | anthers 0.6–0.8 mm; styles 0.4–0.8 mm; stigmas 1.2–2.2 mm. |
anthers 0.8–1 mm; styles 0.3–0.5 mm; stigmas 2–2.5 mm. |
Achenes | brown to reddish brown, sessile, broadly ellipsoid, slightly dorsiventrally flattened, 1.5–1.8 × 0.7–0.9(–1) mm, apex obtuse, apiculate, surfaces papillose to puncticulate. |
brown to reddish brown, sessile, oblong-ovoid to broadly ellipsoid, slightly dorsiventrally flattened, 1.8–2 × 0.7–0.8 mm, apex obtuse, apiculate, surfaces papillose to puncticulate. |
Cyperus mutisii |
Cyperus tetragonus |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall (Jun–Nov). | Fruiting summer–fall (Jun–Nov). |
Habitat | Clearings in montane forests, canyons | Open woods, thickets, barrier islands |
Elevation | 500–1500 m (1600–4900 ft) | 0–1000 m (0–3300 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; Mexico; Central America; South America |
AL; AZ; FL; GA; MS; NC; NM
|
Discussion | Cyperus mutisii is recognized by its cylindric spikes borne digitately at the ends of the rays and its short, plump spikelets. As spikelets mature, the floral scales, having erose margins contrasting with the brownish sides, beome useful distinguishing features. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The status of Cyperus pringlei from the southwestern United States requires further study. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 189. | FNA vol. 23, p. 189. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mariscus mutisii, C. asper, C. compresso, C. ehrenbergianus, C. mutisii var. asper, C. mutisii var. contractus, C. mutisii var. semitribrachiatus, C. ochreatus, C. semitribrachiatus, Mariscus asper | C. pringlei, C. tetragonus var. pringlei, Mariscus tetragonus |
Name authority | (Kunth) Andersson: Galapagos Veg., 53. (1854) | Elliott: Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 1: 71. (1821) |
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