Cyperus lanceolatus |
Cyperus retrorsus |
|
---|---|---|
epiphytic flatsedge |
pine barren flatsedge |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, rhizomatous. | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, shortly rhizomatous. |
Culms | trigonous, compressed, 15–75 cm × 0.5–3 mm, glabrous. |
trigonous, 20–50(–85) cm × 1–2(–4) mm, glabrous. |
Leaves | 1–3, 5–30 cm × 1–2 mm. |
3–6(–10), 10–40(–55) cm × 1.5–4(–5) mm, V- to inversely W-shaped. |
Inflorescence(s) | spikes 1(–2), ovoid, 5–23 × 9–21 mm; rays 2–3(–4), 0–15 mm; if rays absent, head single, compact, sessile, (12–)15–20 mm diam.; bracts 2–3, horizontal to vertical, 2–14 cm × 0.5–3.5 mm. |
spike 1, densely oblong-ovoid often with small basal branches, 8–16 × 4–12(–16) mm; rays 4–8(–11), 0.5–3.5(–8.5) cm; bracts (3–)4–6(–10), ascending at (30–)45°, flat to broadly V-shaped, (4–)14–30(–55) cm × 1–5 mm, scabridulous along margins only; rachilla deciduous, wings persistent, 0.2–0.3 mm wide. |
Spikelets | 1–6, oblong-lanceoloid, 5–26 × 2–3 mm; floral scales 12–54, closely imbricate, laterally yellowish brown, medially pale brown, occasionally greenish, laterally 1-ribbed, medially 3-ribbed, distinctly 2-keeled basally, ovate, 1.8–2.6 × 1.4–1.7 mm, apex obtuse. |
40–120, oblong-lanceoloid, subterete, 2.2–4(–4.5) × 0.8–1.6 mm; distal spikelet spreading or ascending; floral scales persistent, 2–5, appressed, brown to stramineous, or fuscous and lustrous, medially greenish and 1(–3)-ribbed, laterally greenish to yellowish white and 3–4-ribbed, oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 1.8–2.5 × 1–1.5 mm, subcoriacous. |
Flowers | stamens 2; anthers 0.4–0.5 mm, connectives not prolonged; styles 0.3–1 mm; stigmas 0.6–0.8(–1) mm. |
anthers 0.3–0.5 mm; styles 0.5–0.8 mm; stigmas 0.6–0.9 mm. |
Achenes | brown, network of ridges forming isodiametric or square cells, stipitate, obovoid to ellipsoid, 1.1–1.3 × (0.5–)0.6 mm, apex acute to broadly rounded, surfaces minutely punctate or finely papillose. |
brown, oblong-ellipsoid, 1.2–1.7 × 0.5–0.6 mm, base cuneate, apex subacute, surfaces papillose. |
Cyperus lanceolatus |
Cyperus retrorsus |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer. | Fruiting summer (Jun–Aug). |
Habitat | Marshes | Open woods and thickets in moist to dry, sandy soils |
Elevation | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) | 0–1000 m (0–3300 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; LA; TX; Mexico; Central America; South America; Africa
|
AL; AR; DC; DE; FL; GA; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA; Mexico (Tamaulipas)
|
Discussion | Cyperus retrorsus was reported in Indiana (M. L. Horvat 1941); we have been unable to confirm the report. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 162. | FNA vol. 23, p. 187. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Pycreus | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Cyperus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. densus, C. humboldtianus, C. lanceolatus var. compositus, Pycreus densus | Mariscus cylindricus, C. cylindricus, Mariscus retrorsus |
Name authority | Poiret: in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl. 7: 245. (1806) | Chapman: Bot. Gaz. 3: 17. (1878) |
Web links |