Cyperus lanceolatus |
Cyperus hypopitys |
|
---|---|---|
epiphytic flatsedge |
pine flatsedge, pinewoods sedge |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, rhizomatous. | Herbs, perennial, rhizomatous, tending to form small clumps by basal offshoots. |
Culms | trigonous, compressed, 15–75 cm × 0.5–3 mm, glabrous. |
triquetrous, bulbous, thickened, (20–)30–80(–90) cm × 0.7–1.2 mm, glabrous proximally, becoming trigonous strongly scabridulous on distal angles, clothed with persistent reddish fibers at base. |
Leaves | 1–3, 5–30 cm × 1–2 mm. |
flat to V-shaped, 20–45 cm × 2–4 mm. |
Inflorescences | spikes 1(–2), ovoid, 5–23 × 9–21 mm; rays 2–3(–4), 0–15 mm; if rays absent, head single, compact, sessile, (12–)15–20 mm diam.; bracts 2–3, horizontal to vertical, 2–14 cm × 0.5–3.5 mm. |
spike 1, loosely ovoid to ovoid-ellipsoid, (1.5–)2.5–7 × (1–)1.5–3.5 cm; rays (1–)2–4, to 6 cm; 2d order rays rarely present, to 2 cm; 3d order rays absent; bracts (2–) 3, ± horizontal, 1–15(–21) cm × 0.4–3.5 mm; rachilla deciduous, wings hyaline, 0.3–0.4 mm wide. |
Spikelets | 1–6, oblong-lanceoloid, 5–26 × 2–3 mm; floral scales 12–54, closely imbricate, laterally yellowish brown, medially pale brown, occasionally greenish, laterally 1-ribbed, medially 3-ribbed, distinctly 2-keeled basally, ovate, 1.8–2.6 × 1.4–1.7 mm, apex obtuse. |
(3–)8–26, reddish to reddish brown, linear, compressed-quadrangular, 8–18 × (2.4–)2.8–4 mm; floral scales deciduous, 6–16, laterally reddish, medially green, occasionally red-glandular, laterally strongly 3(–4)-ribbed, medially punctate, 1–3-ribbed, ovate-lanceolate, (2.6–)2.8–3.3 × (1.4–)1.6–1.8(–2) mm, apex weakly 3-dentate, mucronulate, with tuft of crystalline prickles, medially glabrous. |
Flowers | stamens 2; anthers 0.4–0.5 mm, connectives not prolonged; styles 0.3–1 mm; stigmas 0.6–0.8(–1) mm. |
anthers 0.8–1.1 mm; styles 1–1.4 mm; stigmas 1–1.4 mm. |
Achenes | brown, network of ridges forming isodiametric or square cells, stipitate, obovoid to ellipsoid, 1.1–1.3 × (0.5–)0.6 mm, apex acute to broadly rounded, surfaces minutely punctate or finely papillose. |
brownish, stipitate, ellipsoid, 1.6–2 × (0.7–)0.9–1 mm, base whitish, stipe to 0.1–0.2 mm, apex obtuse, slightly apiculate, surfaces papillose. |
Cyperus lanceolatus |
Cyperus hypopitys |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer. | Fruiting late summer–early fall. |
Habitat | Marshes | Canyons in pine forests |
Elevation | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) | 500–1500 m (1600–4900 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; LA; TX; Mexico; Central America; South America; Africa
|
AZ; Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Sinaloa, Sonora) |
Discussion | Of conservation concern. Cyperus hypopitys can be recognized by the combination of reddish floral scales and sharp-angled culms. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 162. | FNA vol. 23, p. 178. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Pycreus | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Cyperus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. densus, C. humboldtianus, C. lanceolatus var. compositus, Pycreus densus | |
Name authority | Poiret: in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl. 7: 245. (1806) | G. C. Tucker: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 43: 129, fig. 54. (1994) |
Web links |