Cyperus involucratus |
Cyperus onerosus |
|
---|---|---|
umbrella-plant |
plains flatsedge |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, rhizomatous. | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, rhizomatous; base cormlike; rhizomes scaly, 12 cm × 2 mm. |
Culms | trigonous, 30–150 cm × 1–5(–8) mm. |
trigonous, 20–55 cm × 1.2–11.8 mm, glabrous. |
Leaves | bladeless. |
V-shaped, 12–30 cm × 2–3 mm. |
Inflorescences | heads digitate, 15–30(–36) mm diam.; rays (14–)20–22, (2–)5–12(–20) cm; 2d order rays 0.3–3(–4) cm; 3d order rays sometimes present, 0.3–2.5 cm; bracts (4–)18–22, ± horizontal, flat, 15–27 cm × (1.5–)8–12 mm. |
heads digitate, 12–20 mm diam.; rays 7–12, 1–13 cm; 2d order rays 1–3 cm (sometimes absent); bracts 3–5, longest ± erect, V-shaped, 5–12(–18) cm × 2–3 mm. |
Spikelets | 8–20, ovoid to linear-lanceoloid, compressed, 5–25 × 1.5–2 mm; floral scales 8–28, laterally whitish or light brown, ± hyaline, medially light brown, laterally ribless, medially 3-ribbed, 2-keeled in proximal 30–60%, deltate-ovate, 1.6–2.4 × (1–)1.2–1.5(–1.7) mm, apex acute. |
(8–)20–30, linear-lanceoloid, compressed, 5–10(–14) × 1.4–1.7 mm; floral scales (8–)16–26, laterally brown to reddish brown, medially green, laterally 1-ribbed, medially 3-ribbed, broadly elliptic, 2–2.5 × 1.2–1.6 mm, apex with slightly excurved cusp 0.2–0.3 mm. |
Flowers | stamens 3; anthers 0.7–1 mm; styles 0.5–1 mm; stigmas 0.6–1 mm. |
stamens 3; anthers 1 mm, connective apex reddish, subulate, 0.1 mm; styles 1–1.5 mm; stigmas 1.5 mm. |
Achenes | brown, sessile or stipitate, broadly ellipsoid, 0.6–0.8 × 0.4–0.6 mm, stipe if present to 0.1 mm, apex obtuse, apiculate, surfaces puncticulate. |
white to light brown, sessile, ellipsoid, 0.7–0.8 × 0.25–0.35 mm, apex obtuse, apiculate, surfaces puncticulate. |
Cyperus involucratus |
Cyperus onerosus |
|
Phenology | Fruiting early summer–fall. | Fruiting early summer (May–Jun). |
Habitat | Damp, disturbed soils, ditches, stream banks | Permanent pools and wet swales between sand dunes |
Elevation | 0–100(–800) m [0–300(–2600) ft] | 1200 m [3900 ft] |
Distribution |
CA; FL; LA; TX; e Africa [Introduced in North America] |
TX |
Discussion | Cyperus involucratus has been collected in New York (R. S. Mitchell and G. C. Tucker 1997). Cyperus involucratus is widely cultivated as a water plant in greenhouses and outdoors in warm-temperate or tropical climates. It has long been misidentified in the flora as C. alternifolius Linnaeus, an endemic of Madagascar (G. C. Tucker 1983). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Cyperus onerosus is apparently restricted to Andrews and Winkler counties in Texas. This interesting endemic is most similar to Cyperus dentatus; it lacks tubers and apparently is not proliferous. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 150. | FNA vol. 23, p. 151. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Rottbøll: Descr. Pl. Rar., 22. (1772) | M. C. Johnston: SouthW. Naturalist 9: 308. (1964) |
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