Cyperus involucratus |
Cyperus fuligineus |
|
---|---|---|
umbrella-plant |
limestone flatsedge |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, rhizomatous. | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, rhizomatous. |
Culms | trigonous, 30–150 cm × 1–5(–8) mm. |
trigonous, 7–30 cm × 0.5–1 mm, glabrous. |
Leaves | bladeless. |
V-shaped to flat, 5–20 cm × 1–2.5 mm. |
Inflorescences | heads digitate, 15–30(–36) mm diam.; rays (14–)20–22, (2–)5–12(–20) cm; 2d order rays 0.3–3(–4) cm; 3d order rays sometimes present, 0.3–2.5 cm; bracts (4–)18–22, ± horizontal, flat, 15–27 cm × (1.5–)8–12 mm. |
spike hemispheric, 7–20 mm wide; rays absent; rachis 1–3 mm; bracts 2–3, reflexed, flat, 5–12 cm × 1–2 mm; rachilla deciduous, wings 0.2 mm wide. |
Spikelets | 8–20, ovoid to linear-lanceoloid, compressed, 5–25 × 1.5–2 mm; floral scales 8–28, laterally whitish or light brown, ± hyaline, medially light brown, laterally ribless, medially 3-ribbed, 2-keeled in proximal 30–60%, deltate-ovate, 1.6–2.4 × (1–)1.2–1.5(–1.7) mm, apex acute. |
30–50, compressed, oblong-lanceoloid, 4–10 × 1.7–2.3 mm; floral scales deciduous, 5–12, dark reddish brown, laterally 3–5-ribbed, ovate, 1.5–2.2 × 1–1.6 mm, apex with mucro 0.1–0.2 mm. |
Flowers | stamens 3; anthers 0.7–1 mm; styles 0.5–1 mm; stigmas 0.6–1 mm. |
anthers 0.4–0.6 mm; styles 0.4–0.6 mm; stigmas 1–2 mm. |
Achenes | brown, sessile or stipitate, broadly ellipsoid, 0.6–0.8 × 0.4–0.6 mm, stipe if present to 0.1 mm, apex obtuse, apiculate, surfaces puncticulate. |
black, sessile, narrowly ellipsoid, 1–1.2 × 0.5–0.6 mm, apex obtuse, apiculate, glabrous, puncticulate, or papillose. |
Cyperus involucratus |
Cyperus fuligineus |
|
Phenology | Fruiting early summer–fall. | Fruiting spring–summer. |
Habitat | Damp, disturbed soils, ditches, stream banks | Coastal rocks, exposed limestone in hammocks and edges of mangrove swamps |
Elevation | 0–100(–800) m [0–300(–2600) ft] | 0–10 m [0–30 ft] |
Distribution |
CA; FL; LA; TX; e Africa [Introduced in North America] |
FL; West Indies |
Discussion | Cyperus involucratus has been collected in New York (R. S. Mitchell and G. C. Tucker 1997). Cyperus involucratus is widely cultivated as a water plant in greenhouses and outdoors in warm-temperate or tropical climates. It has long been misidentified in the flora as C. alternifolius Linnaeus, an endemic of Madagascar (G. C. Tucker 1983). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 150. | FNA vol. 23, p. 175. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Rottbøll: Descr. Pl. Rar., 22. (1772) | Chapman: Fl. South. U.S., 511. (1860) |
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