Cyperus involucratus |
Cyperus bipartitus |
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umbrella-plant |
shining flatsedge, slender flatsedge |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, rhizomatous. | Herbs, annual, densely cespitose, with fibrous roots. |
Culms | trigonous, 30–150 cm × 1–5(–8) mm. |
roundly trigonous, 3–25(–30) cm × 0.3–1.4 mm, glabrous. |
Leaves | bladeless. |
1–3, V-shaped, 1–8 cm × 1–2 mm. |
Inflorescences | heads digitate, 15–30(–36) mm diam.; rays (14–)20–22, (2–)5–12(–20) cm; 2d order rays 0.3–3(–4) cm; 3d order rays sometimes present, 0.3–2.5 cm; bracts (4–)18–22, ± horizontal, flat, 15–27 cm × (1.5–)8–12 mm. |
spike 1, loosely ovoid, compressed, 7–14 × 9–14 mm; rays 1–4, to 2(–3) cm; bracts 2–3, horizontal to ascending at 30(–45)°, V-shaped to flat, 1–12 cm × 0.5–1.5 mm. |
Spikelets | 8–20, ovoid to linear-lanceoloid, compressed, 5–25 × 1.5–2 mm; floral scales 8–28, laterally whitish or light brown, ± hyaline, medially light brown, laterally ribless, medially 3-ribbed, 2-keeled in proximal 30–60%, deltate-ovate, 1.6–2.4 × (1–)1.2–1.5(–1.7) mm, apex acute. |
3–5(–8), flattened, oblong to oblong-lanceoloid, 8–18 × 2–2.6(–3) mm; floral scales (6–)10–26(–32), closely imbricate, laterally light to dark brown, medially light brown, laterally ribless, medially 2–3-ribbed, 2-keeled, oblong to ovate, 1.9–2.7 × 1.8–2.3 mm, apex obtuse. |
Flowers | stamens 3; anthers 0.7–1 mm; styles 0.5–1 mm; stigmas 0.6–1 mm. |
stamens 2–3; anthers 0.4–0.5 mm, connective not prolonged; styles 0.6–1 mm; stigmas 1–1.5 mm. |
Achenes | brown, sessile or stipitate, broadly ellipsoid, 0.6–0.8 × 0.4–0.6 mm, stipe if present to 0.1 mm, apex obtuse, apiculate, surfaces puncticulate. |
black, network of ridges forming isodiametric or square cells, sessile, obovoid to ovoid, 1–1.3(–1.5) × (0.6–)0.8 mm, apex apiculate, surfaces minutely punctate. |
Cyperus involucratus |
Cyperus bipartitus |
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Phenology | Fruiting early summer–fall. | Fruiting summer. |
Habitat | Damp, disturbed soils, ditches, stream banks | Emergent shorelines, ditches, puddles, often in disturbed places |
Elevation | 0–100(–800) m [0–300(–2600) ft] | 0–1500 m [0–4900 ft] |
Distribution |
CA; FL; LA; TX; e Africa [Introduced in North America] |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; ON; QC; Mexico; Central America; South America
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Discussion | Cyperus involucratus has been collected in New York (R. S. Mitchell and G. C. Tucker 1997). Cyperus involucratus is widely cultivated as a water plant in greenhouses and outdoors in warm-temperate or tropical climates. It has long been misidentified in the flora as C. alternifolius Linnaeus, an endemic of Madagascar (G. C. Tucker 1983). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 150. | FNA vol. 23, p. 161. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. rivularis | |
Name authority | Rottbøll: Descr. Pl. Rar., 22. (1772) | Torrey: Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 3: 257. (1836) |
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