Cyperus involucratus |
Cyperus acuminatus |
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umbrella-plant |
pale umbrella-sedge, sharp-point flatsedge, short flatsedge, short point cyperus, taper-tip cyperus, taper-tip flat sedge |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, rhizomatous. | Herbs, annual, cespitose. |
Culms | trigonous, 30–150 cm × 1–5(–8) mm. |
roundly trigonous, (10–)20–30(–45) cm × 0.4–1.2 mm, distal 1/2 glabrous or infrequently scabridulous. |
Leaves | bladeless. |
2–6(–8), V-shaped or flat, 8–12(–16) cm × 1–2(–4) mm. |
Inflorescences | heads digitate, 15–30(–36) mm diam.; rays (14–)20–22, (2–)5–12(–20) cm; 2d order rays 0.3–3(–4) cm; 3d order rays sometimes present, 0.3–2.5 cm; bracts (4–)18–22, ± horizontal, flat, 15–27 cm × (1.5–)8–12 mm. |
heads hemispheric, 7–12(–15) mm diam.; rays 1–3(–5), 0.5–2 cm; bracts 3–6, longest erect to ascending, flat to V-shaped, (1.5–)3–12(–25) cm × 1–2.5(–3.5) mm. |
Spikelets | 8–20, ovoid to linear-lanceoloid, compressed, 5–25 × 1.5–2 mm; floral scales 8–28, laterally whitish or light brown, ± hyaline, medially light brown, laterally ribless, medially 3-ribbed, 2-keeled in proximal 30–60%, deltate-ovate, 1.6–2.4 × (1–)1.2–1.5(–1.7) mm, apex acute. |
(15–)25–50(–75), ovoid, compressed, 4–7 × 2–3 mm; floral scales 8–20(–35), laterally yellowish, yellowish green, or light reddish brown, medially light brown or greenish brown, 2-keeled, subtly 1-ribbed, ovate-lanceolate, 1–2 × 1–1.4 mm, apex acute, mucronate, straight to excurved, glabrous or sparsely scabridulous. |
Flowers | stamens 3; anthers 0.7–1 mm; styles 0.5–1 mm; stigmas 0.6–1 mm. |
stamen 1; anthers 0.5 mm; styles 0.8–1.1 mm; stigmas 0.5 mm. |
Achenes | brown, sessile or stipitate, broadly ellipsoid, 0.6–0.8 × 0.4–0.6 mm, stipe if present to 0.1 mm, apex obtuse, apiculate, surfaces puncticulate. |
brown, stipitate, broadly ellipsoid, abruptly contracted to base, 0.8–1.1 × 0.3–0.4 mm, stipe 0.1 mm, apex acute, tapering to slender beak formed of persistent style base, surfaces papillose. |
Cyperus involucratus |
Cyperus acuminatus |
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Phenology | Fruiting early summer–fall. | Fruiting summer–fall (Jul–Oct). |
Habitat | Damp, disturbed soils, ditches, stream banks | Wet, often sandy shores and damp, disturbed soils |
Elevation | 0–100(–800) m [0–300(–2600) ft] | 0–1500 m [0–4900 ft] |
Distribution |
CA; FL; LA; TX; e Africa [Introduced in North America] |
Mexico (Coahuila, Tamaulipas) [Ala., Ariz., Ark., Calif., Colo., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Mich., Minn., Mo., Mont., Nebr., N.H., N.Y., N.C., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., Oreg., Pa. (introduced?), S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Va., Wash., Wyo.]
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Discussion | Cyperus involucratus has been collected in New York (R. S. Mitchell and G. C. Tucker 1997). Cyperus involucratus is widely cultivated as a water plant in greenhouses and outdoors in warm-temperate or tropical climates. It has long been misidentified in the flora as C. alternifolius Linnaeus, an endemic of Madagascar (G. C. Tucker 1983). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Cyperus acuminatus may be introduced in New Hampshire and New York. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 150. | FNA vol. 23, p. 152. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. acuminatus var. cyrtolepis, C. cyrtolepis, C. cyrtolepis var. denticarinatus, C. rufescens var. denticarinatus | |
Name authority | Rottbøll: Descr. Pl. Rar., 22. (1772) | Torrey & Hooker: Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 3: 435. (1836) |
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