Cyperus hermaphroditus |
Cyperus serotinus |
|
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hermaphrodite flatsedge |
tidalmarsh flatsedge |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, rhizomatous. | Herbs, perennial, stoloniferous; stolons terminated by tubers. |
Culms | trigonous, (10–)30–80(–140) cm × (0.4–)1–3(–5) mm, glabrous. |
trigonous, 50–100 cm × 5–8 mm, glabrous. |
Leaves | V-shaped or flanged V-shaped, (5–)15–70(–90) cm × (2–)4–10(–13) mm, glabrous. |
3–6, V-shaped, 20–50 cm × 5–8(–10) mm. |
Inflorescences | spikes 1(–5), rather densely ovoid or oblong-cylindric, (10–)25–45(–62) × 7–22 mm, 11–21 spikelets per 5 mm of rachis; rays (3–)5–10(–17), (1–)5–12(–24) cm; bracts (2–)4–8, ascending at 30–45°, V- or inversely W-shaped, (2–)8–40(–65) cm × (1–)2–8 mm; rachilla deciduous, wings 0.4–0.5 mm wide. |
spikes not appearing lateral, rays 5–8, 2–7(–12) cm; bracts 3–4, ± horizontal to ascending at 45°, V-shaped, 5–25 cm × 1.5–8 mm; spikes 1–4, ovoid, 2–4 × 2–3 cm; rachis 1–2.7 cm, smooth or hispidulous; rachilla persistent, wingless or with hyaline wings scarcely 0.1 mm wide. |
Spikelets | (10–)50–150, oblong to linear, quadrangular, (3–)4–8(–18) × (0.8–)1–1.2(–1.6) mm; distal spikelet spreading or ascending; floral scales (1–) 3–8, pale greenish white to golden brown, deep brown, or reddish brown, medially usually green, weakly to strongly 3(–4)-ribbed laterally, 1–3-ribbed medially, ovate to elliptic, (2–)2.6–3.2(–4) × 1.2–2 mm, apex obtuse. |
7–14, flattened, lanceoloid, 10–20 × 2–2.5 mm; floral scales 10–30, laterally dark brown to reddish brown, medially greenish, laterally 5–9-ribbed, ovate-deltate; anthers 3, 0.5 mm; styles 0.5 mm; stigmas 1.2–1.6 mm. |
Flowers | anthers (0.4–)0.6–1 mm; styles 0.4–1.6 mm; stigmas 1–1.5 mm. |
|
Achenes | brown or reddish brown, sessile or nearly so, ellipsoid, 1.4–1.8(–2) × 0.6–0.8(–1) mm, apex acute to obtuse, slightly apiculate, surfaces puncticulate. |
brown, sessile, ellipsoid, 1.4–1.6 × 1.4–1.5 mm, apex obtuse, apiculate. |
Cyperus hermaphroditus |
Cyperus serotinus |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall. | Fruiting summer. |
Habitat | Arroyos | Tidal marshes |
Elevation | 500–1200 m (1600–3900 ft) | 0 m (0 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; TX; Mexico; South America; West Indies |
DE; NJ; PA; Eurasia [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | An erroneous report of Cyperus hermaphroditus from Alabama was based on misidentification of C. thyrsiflorus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 186. | FNA vol. 23, p. 164. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Cyperus | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Juncellus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Carex hermaphrodita, Mariscus hermaphroditus, Mariscus jacquinii | Chlorocyperus serotinus, Juncellus serotinus |
Name authority | (Jacquin) Standley: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 18: 88. (1916) | Rottbøll: Descr. Pl. Rar., 18. (1772) |
Web links |