Cyperus hermaphroditus |
Cyperus fendlerianus |
|
---|---|---|
hermaphrodite flatsedge |
Fendler flatsedge, Fendler's flatsedge, Fendler's nutgrass, Fendler's sedge |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, rhizomatous. | Herbs, perennial, rhizomatous. |
Culms | trigonous, (10–)30–80(–140) cm × (0.4–)1–3(–5) mm, glabrous. |
trigonous, (7–)20–70(–85) cm × (0.5–)1–1.8(–2.6) mm, glabrous or sparsely to densely scabridulous on surfaces or on angles immediately proximal to inflorescence in distal 3–6 cm. |
Leaves | V-shaped or flanged V-shaped, (5–)15–70(–90) cm × (2–)4–10(–13) mm, glabrous. |
2–3, flat to V-shaped, (12–)20–40(–55) cm × (2–)3–5(–7) mm. |
Inflorescences | spikes 1(–5), rather densely ovoid or oblong-cylindric, (10–)25–45(–62) × 7–22 mm, 11–21 spikelets per 5 mm of rachis; rays (3–)5–10(–17), (1–)5–12(–24) cm; bracts (2–)4–8, ascending at 30–45°, V- or inversely W-shaped, (2–)8–40(–65) cm × (1–)2–8 mm; rachilla deciduous, wings 0.4–0.5 mm wide. |
spikes (1–)3–4(–6), largest erect, others at base of central spike, erect spike sessile, loosely to densely cylindric to ovoid-cylindric, (12–)18–30 × (6–)12–20 mm, remaining spikes 1/2 as large; rays absent; bracts (2–)3–6(–10), ± horizontal to reflexed parallel to culm, (2–)6–16(–25) cm × (1.5–)2–4(–7) mm; rachilla ± deciduous, wingless. |
Spikelets | (10–)50–150, oblong to linear, quadrangular, (3–)4–8(–18) × (0.8–)1–1.2(–1.6) mm; distal spikelet spreading or ascending; floral scales (1–) 3–8, pale greenish white to golden brown, deep brown, or reddish brown, medially usually green, weakly to strongly 3(–4)-ribbed laterally, 1–3-ribbed medially, ovate to elliptic, (2–)2.6–3.2(–4) × 1.2–2 mm, apex obtuse. |
(8–)15–30, spreading to ascending-appressed, oblong-lanceoloid, quadrangular, slightly compressed, 5–8(–10) × (2–)2.4–3.4(–4.2) mm; floral scales (2–)4–6(–8), yellowish, reddish, or greenish brown, medially greenish, straight to excurved, laterally (2–)3–4(–5)-ribbed, medially (1–)3–(–5)-ribbed, ovate-orbiculate, 2.4–2.8(–3.4) × 2.4–2.8(–3.4) mm, apex obtuse, mucronate to cuspidate, stout, (0.1–)0.3–0.6 mm, medially glabrous. |
Flowers | anthers (0.4–)0.6–1 mm; styles 0.4–1.6 mm; stigmas 1–1.5 mm. |
anthers 0.4–0.8 mm; styles 0.7–1.3 mm; stigmas 0.7–1.2 mm. |
Achenes | brown or reddish brown, sessile or nearly so, ellipsoid, 1.4–1.8(–2) × 0.6–0.8(–1) mm, apex acute to obtuse, slightly apiculate, surfaces puncticulate. |
finely reticulate, brown to reddish brown, ± stipelike, obovoid, 1.6–1.9 × 1.1–1.4(–1.6) mm, base attenuate to cuneate, 0.1–0.2 × 0.2 mm, apex obtuse, apiculate, surfaces glabrous. |
Cyperus hermaphroditus |
Cyperus fendlerianus |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall. | Fruiting summer. |
Habitat | Arroyos | Clearings in montane forests |
Elevation | 500–1200 m (1600–3900 ft) | 500–1800 m (1600–5900 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; TX; Mexico; South America; West Indies |
AZ; CO; NM; TX; WY; Mexico
|
Discussion | An erroneous report of Cyperus hermaphroditus from Alabama was based on misidentification of C. thyrsiflorus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Hybridization between Cyperus fendlerianus and C. sphaerolepis occurs occasionally in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico (B. G. Marcks 1972). The unnamed hybrid appears to be fully fertile and can be recognized by morphologic intermediacy. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 186. | FNA vol. 23, p. 177. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Cyperus | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Cyperus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Carex hermaphrodita, Mariscus hermaphroditus, Mariscus jacquinii | Chlorocyperus fendlerianus |
Name authority | (Jacquin) Standley: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 18: 88. (1916) | Boeckeler: Linnaea 35: 520. (1868) |
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