Cyperus hermaphroditus |
Cyperus alopecuroides |
|
---|---|---|
hermaphrodite flatsedge |
foxtail flatsedge |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, rhizomatous. | Herbs, perennial, rhizomatous, coarse. |
Culms | trigonous, (10–)30–80(–140) cm × (0.4–)1–3(–5) mm, glabrous. |
trigonous, 150–250 cm × 2–15 mm, glabrous. |
Leaves | V-shaped or flanged V-shaped, (5–)15–70(–90) cm × (2–)4–10(–13) mm, glabrous. |
inversely W-shaped, 30–150 cm × 6–22 mm. |
Inflorescences | spikes 1(–5), rather densely ovoid or oblong-cylindric, (10–)25–45(–62) × 7–22 mm, 11–21 spikelets per 5 mm of rachis; rays (3–)5–10(–17), (1–)5–12(–24) cm; bracts (2–)4–8, ascending at 30–45°, V- or inversely W-shaped, (2–)8–40(–65) cm × (1–)2–8 mm; rachilla deciduous, wings 0.4–0.5 mm wide. |
spikes 1–4, cylindric, 1.5–4 cm × 7–15 mm; rays 3–9, 10–26 cm; 2d order rays 2–11 cm; 3d order rays 1–4 cm (or absent); bracts 3–5, ± horizontal, 20–100 cm × 3–15 mm; 2d order bracts 2–7 cm × 2–7 mm; 3d order bracts 2–5 cm × 2–4 mm (or absent); rachilla persistent, wingless or wing hyaline, narrow, 0.1 mm wide. |
Spikelets | (10–)50–150, oblong to linear, quadrangular, (3–)4–8(–18) × (0.8–)1–1.2(–1.6) mm; distal spikelet spreading or ascending; floral scales (1–) 3–8, pale greenish white to golden brown, deep brown, or reddish brown, medially usually green, weakly to strongly 3(–4)-ribbed laterally, 1–3-ribbed medially, ovate to elliptic, (2–)2.6–3.2(–4) × 1.2–2 mm, apex obtuse. |
50–100, linear, ± quadrangular, slightly compressed, 8–11 × 0.9–1.2 mm; floral scales 15–30, marginally clear, laterally reddish along midrib, medially green, laterally 3–4 ribbed, medially 3–5-ribbed, ovate, 1–2–1.6 × 1.1–1.3 mm, apex mucronulate. |
Flowers | anthers (0.4–)0.6–1 mm; styles 0.4–1.6 mm; stigmas 1–1.5 mm. |
anthers 2, 0.4–0.5 mm; styles 0.8–1 mm; stigmas 2, 0.4 mm. |
Achenes | brown or reddish brown, sessile or nearly so, ellipsoid, 1.4–1.8(–2) × 0.6–0.8(–1) mm, apex acute to obtuse, slightly apiculate, surfaces puncticulate. |
dark brown, sessile, ellipsoid to obovoid, 0.9 × 0.4–0.5 mm, surfaces finely puncticulate. |
Cyperus hermaphroditus |
Cyperus alopecuroides |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall. | Fruiting summer. |
Habitat | Arroyos | Pond shores, stream banks |
Elevation | 500–1200 m (1600–3900 ft) | 0–30 m (0–100 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; TX; Mexico; South America; West Indies |
FL; West Indies; Asia; Africa; Australia [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | An erroneous report of Cyperus hermaphroditus from Alabama was based on misidentification of C. thyrsiflorus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Cyperus alopecuroides has been introduced in Polk County, Florida. Plants of Cyperus alopecuroides might be confused with C. digitatus; large size and the biconvex achenes with two stigmas characterize C. alopecuroides. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 186. | FNA vol. 23, p. 173. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Cyperus | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Cyperus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Carex hermaphrodita, Mariscus hermaphroditus, Mariscus jacquinii | |
Name authority | (Jacquin) Standley: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 18: 88. (1916) | Rottbøll: Descr. Pl. Rar., 20. (1772) |
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