Cyperus haspan |
Cyperus pseudovegetus |
|
---|---|---|
haspan flatsedge |
marsh flatsedge |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, shortly rhizomatous. | Herbs, perennial, cespitose; rhizomes upright, 5–8 mm diam., indurate. |
Culms | trigonous, (2–)25–60(–100) cm × 1–4 mm, soft (flattened in drying), glabrous. |
trigonous, 30–50(–80) cm × 1.8–2.5 mm, glabrous. |
Leaves | usually reduced to sheaths, occasionally with blades, flat to V-shaped, (3–)10–30 cm × (1–)2.5–5 mm. |
4–7(–10), V-shaped, (20–)40–60 cm × 4.5–8 mm. |
Inflorescences | heads loosely digitate; rays (5–)10–12(–15), 1–15(–20) cm; 2d order rays usually present, (1–)6–12(–25) mm; 3d order rays sometimes present, 1–6 mm; bracts 2(–3), horizontal to ascending at 30–60°, longer (3–)6–18 cm × 2–4 mm, shorter (0.5–)2.5–6.5 cm × 1–2(–3) mm. |
heads dense, hemispheric, 7–15(–18) mm diam; or if rays absent, heads dense, irregularly lobate, 2–3.5 cm diam.; rays 3–6, 1–30 mm; 2d order rays infrequently present, to 5 mm; bracts (5–)10–15(–40), horizontal to ascending at 30(–45)°, V-shaped, 6–30(–40) cm × 5–8(–10) mm. |
Spikelets | 1–15, linear-lanceoloid, ± compressed-quadrangular, 3–18 × 1–1.6 mm; floral scales 10–20(–40), laterally reddish to greenish brown, dull, often clear-edged, medially greenish, laterally 1-ribbed, medially 1-ribbed, oblong to obovate, 1–1.5(–1.9) × 0.8–1 mm, apex mucronate, glabrous except for cluster of crystalline prickles at apex. |
40–100, greenish white, flattened, ovoid, 3.5–5 × 3–4 mm; floral scales (8–)12–16, uniformly light greenish to light brown, laterally 1-ribbed, medially indistinctly 3-ribbed, basally 2-keeled, oblong-spatulate, widest at or above median, 2–2.5 × (0.7–)1–1.2 mm, apex minutely mucronate, scabridulous, infrequently glabrous. |
Flowers | stamens 3; anthers 0.3–0.5 mm; styles 0.4–0.9 mm; stigmas 0.5–0.8(–1.3) mm. |
stamen 1; anthers oblong, 0.7–1 mm, connective apex subulate, prolonged 0.1–0.2 mm; styles thick, confluent with apex of, and persistent on, achene, 0.5–0.8 mm; stigmas 0.6–1 mm. |
Achenes | white or reddish brown, stipitate, globose to obovoid or ellipsoid, 0.5–0.6(–0.7) × 0.3–0.4(–0.5) mm, base nearly cuneate, stipe 0.1 × 0.1–0.2 mm, apex obtuse to acute, apiculate or entire, surfaces granular to papillose. |
brown, stipitate, linear, slightly curved, 1.2–1.4 × 0.2(–0.3) mm, base whitish, stipe spongy, 0.1–0.2 × 0.2 mm, apex acute, surfaces papillose. |
Cyperus haspan |
Cyperus pseudovegetus |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer. | Fruiting summer. |
Habitat | Swales between dunes, marshes, pond shores | Damp places |
Elevation | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; VA; Mexico; Central America; South America; Asia; Africa; Australia
|
AL; AR; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MO; NC; NJ; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA
|
Discussion | Cyperus pseudovegetus has been called “Cyperus vegetus Willd.” (M. L. Fernald 1950). The var. megalanthus Kükenthal of eastern Mexico and Central America recognized by M. F. Denton (1978b) is now considered a distinct species, C. megalanthus (Kükenthal) G. C. Tucker (see G. C. Tucker 1994). Cyperus pseudovegetus is introduced in Massachusetts. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 151. | FNA vol. 23, p. 156. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Pycnostachys | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Pycnostachys |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. autumnalis, C. haspan subsp. juncoides, C. haspan var. americanus, C. juncoides | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 45. (1753) | Steudel: Syn. Pl. Glumac. 2: 24. (1855) |
Web links |