Cyperus haspan |
Cyperus eragrostis |
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haspan flatsedge |
tall cyperus, tall flatsedge, tall nutgrass |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, shortly rhizomatous. | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, rhizomatous. |
Culms | trigonous, (2–)25–60(–100) cm × 1–4 mm, soft (flattened in drying), glabrous. |
trigonous to terete, (25–)40–60(–90) cm, glabrous. |
Leaves | usually reduced to sheaths, occasionally with blades, flat to V-shaped, (3–)10–30 cm × (1–)2.5–5 mm. |
flat or V-shaped, (10–)25–50 cm × 5–8(–12) mm. |
Inflorescences | heads loosely digitate; rays (5–)10–12(–15), 1–15(–20) cm; 2d order rays usually present, (1–)6–12(–25) mm; 3d order rays sometimes present, 1–6 mm; bracts 2(–3), horizontal to ascending at 30–60°, longer (3–)6–18 cm × 2–4 mm, shorter (0.5–)2.5–6.5 cm × 1–2(–3) mm. |
heads globose, (10–)20–40 mm diam.; rays (0–)3–10, 2.5–5(–12) cm; 2d order rays usually absent (when present, 0.5–1.5 cm); bracts 4–8, horizontal to ascending at 15–30°, flat (or V-shaped), 3–30(–50) cm × 1.5–8(–12) mm. |
Spikelets | 1–15, linear-lanceoloid, ± compressed-quadrangular, 3–18 × 1–1.6 mm; floral scales 10–20(–40), laterally reddish to greenish brown, dull, often clear-edged, medially greenish, laterally 1-ribbed, medially 1-ribbed, oblong to obovate, 1–1.5(–1.9) × 0.8–1 mm, apex mucronate, glabrous except for cluster of crystalline prickles at apex. |
(20–)30–50(–70), oblong, compressed, 5–20 × 2.2–3 mm; floral scales (12–)20–30(–50), off-white to golden brown, basally 2-keeled, laterally ribless, ovate-deltate, 2–2.3 × 1–1.4 mm (declined 30–40º from rachilla). |
Flowers | stamens 3; anthers 0.3–0.5 mm; styles 0.4–0.9 mm; stigmas 0.5–0.8(–1.3) mm. |
stamen 1; anthers 1–1.2 mm; styles 1–1.2 mm; stigmas 0.5 mm. |
Achenes | white or reddish brown, stipitate, globose to obovoid or ellipsoid, 0.5–0.6(–0.7) × 0.3–0.4(–0.5) mm, base nearly cuneate, stipe 0.1 × 0.1–0.2 mm, apex obtuse to acute, apiculate or entire, surfaces granular to papillose. |
black or dark brown, stipitate, broadly ellipsoid, 1.2–1.4 × 0.5–0.6 mm, stipe to 0.1 mm, apex apiculate, beak 0.2–0.3 mm, surfaces puncticulate. |
Cyperus haspan |
Cyperus eragrostis |
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Phenology | Fruiting summer. | Fruiting summer. |
Habitat | Swales between dunes, marshes, pond shores | Damp grasslands, roadsides ditches |
Elevation | 0–200 m [0–700 ft] | 0–200 m [0–700 ft] |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; VA; Mexico; Central America; South America; Asia; Africa; Australia
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AL; CA; LA; MS; NJ; OR; PA; SC; TX; WA; BC; South America; naturalized; Europe
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Discussion | The distributions of Cyperus eragrostis in British Columbia, Alabama, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, and Texas represent introduced populations. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 151. | FNA vol. 23, p. 154. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. autumnalis, C. haspan subsp. juncoides, C. haspan var. americanus, C. juncoides | C. vegetus |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 45. (1753) | Lamarck: in J. Lamarck and J. Poiret, Tabl. Encycl. 1: 146. (1791) |
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