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Gray's flatsedge, Gray's sedge

rice-field flatsedge

Habit Herbs, perennial, cespitose, rhizomatous. Herbs, annual, cespitose.
Culms

basally cormlike, trigonous, 5–40 cm × 0.5–1.3 mm, glabrous.

trigonous, (5–)20–60 cm × (0.2–) 0.6–2.4 mm, glabrous.

Leaves

V-shaped, 5–25 cm × 1–3 mm, slightly minutely scabridulous abaxially on margins, midrib.

(1–)3–4, V-shaped, 15–40 cm × 3–6 mm.

Inflorescences

spikes loosely ± globose, 6–20 mm wide;

rays 1–8 cm;

rachis 1–4 mm;

bracts 3–8, ascending, V-shaped, 3–20 cm × 1–3 mm;

rachilla deciduous, wings hyaline, 0.6 mm wide.

spikes 2–5(–8), oblong to ovoid, 2–10 cm × 3–12 mm;

rays 4–8, to 11 cm;

bracts (4–)5(–7), ascending at 45°, V-shaped, (1.5–)8–30(–50) cm × 1–6 mm;

rachilla persistent, wingless (successive floral scales 0.7–0.9 mm apart).

Spikelets

3–18(–28), oblong-lanceoloid, compressed, 3–12 × 1.8–2.5 mm;

floral scales deciduous, 2–11, yellowish brown to reddish brown, laterally 3–4-ribbed, ovate, 2–2.8 × 1.6–2.2 mm, apex mucronulate.

10–30, compressed, linear to ellipsoid, 4–20 × 1.5–2.1 mm;

floral scales deciduous, (2–)6–26, laterally brown to golden brown, edges clear, medially green, 5-ribbed, outermost ribs more noticeable than others, obovate to nearly orbiculate, 1.3–1.8 × 1.2–1.8 mm, margins emarginate, apex with mucro 0.05–0.12 mm.

Flowers

anthers 0.7–1 mm;

styles 0.4–0.6 mm;

stigmas 1–2 mm.

stamens 2(–3);

anthers (0.2–)0.3–0.4 mm, connective tips reddish, less than 0.1 mm;

styles less than 0.1 mm;

stigmas 0.2–0.4 mm.

Achenes

dark brown, ± stipitate, ellipsoid, 1.5–2 × 0.7–1 mm, apex obtuse, apiculate surfaces glabrous or puncticulate.

brown, slightly stipitate, obovoid, 1.2–1.4 × 0.5–0.7 mm, apex apiculate, surfaces puncticulate.

2n

= 166.

Cyperus grayi

Cyperus iria

Phenology Fruiting summer. Fruiting summer–fall (Jul–Oct).
Habitat Coastal dunes, well-drained woods, railroad yards Damp to moderately dry, disturbed soils
Elevation 0–200 m (0–700 ft) 0–500 m (0–1600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CT; DE; GA; MA; MD; NC; NH; NJ; NY; PA; RI; SC; VA
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; CA; CT; FL; GA; IL; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NY; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; Mexico; Central America; South America; Asia; Africa; Australia [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Cyperus iria was first recorded in the New World from the southeastern United States in the 1840s.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 23, p. 179. FNA vol. 23, p. 166.
Parent taxa Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Cyperus Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Cyperus
Sibling taxa
C. acuminatus, C. aggregatus, C. alopecuroides, C. amabilis, C. articulatus, C. bipartitus, C. cephalanthus, C. compressus, C. croceus, C. cuspidatus, C. dentatus, C. dentoniae, C. diandrus, C. difformis, C. digitatus, C. dipsaceus, C. distans, C. distinctus, C. drummondii, C. echinatus, C. elegans, C. entrerianus, C. eragrostis, C. erythrorhizos, C. esculentus, C. fendlerianus, C. filicinus, C. filiculmis, C. filiformis, C. flavescens, C. flavicomus, C. floribundus, C. fugax, C. fuligineus, C. fuscus, C. giganteus, C. gracilis, C. granitophilus, C. grayoides, C. haspan, C. hermaphroditus, C. houghtonii, C. hypopitys, C. hystricinus, C. involucratus, C. iria, C. laevigatus, C. lancastriensis, C. lanceolatus, C. lecontei, C. lentiginosus, C. ligularis, C. lupulinus, C. manimae, C. microiria, C. mutisii, C. niger, C. ochraceus, C. odoratus, C. onerosus, C. ovatus, C. owanii, C. oxylepis, C. pallidicolor, C. papyrus, C. parishii, C. pilosus, C. planifolius, C. plukenetii, C. polystachyos, C. prolifer, C. prolixus, C. pseudothyrsiflorus, C. pseudovegetus, C. pumilus, C. reflexus, C. refractus, C. retroflexus, C. retrofractus, C. retrorsus, C. rotundus, C. sanguinolentus, C. schweinitzii, C. serotinus, C. seslerioides, C. setigerus, C. spectabilis, C. sphacelatus, C. sphaerolepis, C. squarrosus, C. strigosus, C. surinamensis, C. tetragonus, C. thyrsiflorus, C. virens
C. acuminatus, C. aggregatus, C. alopecuroides, C. amabilis, C. articulatus, C. bipartitus, C. cephalanthus, C. compressus, C. croceus, C. cuspidatus, C. dentatus, C. dentoniae, C. diandrus, C. difformis, C. digitatus, C. dipsaceus, C. distans, C. distinctus, C. drummondii, C. echinatus, C. elegans, C. entrerianus, C. eragrostis, C. erythrorhizos, C. esculentus, C. fendlerianus, C. filicinus, C. filiculmis, C. filiformis, C. flavescens, C. flavicomus, C. floribundus, C. fugax, C. fuligineus, C. fuscus, C. giganteus, C. gracilis, C. granitophilus, C. grayi, C. grayoides, C. haspan, C. hermaphroditus, C. houghtonii, C. hypopitys, C. hystricinus, C. involucratus, C. laevigatus, C. lancastriensis, C. lanceolatus, C. lecontei, C. lentiginosus, C. ligularis, C. lupulinus, C. manimae, C. microiria, C. mutisii, C. niger, C. ochraceus, C. odoratus, C. onerosus, C. ovatus, C. owanii, C. oxylepis, C. pallidicolor, C. papyrus, C. parishii, C. pilosus, C. planifolius, C. plukenetii, C. polystachyos, C. prolifer, C. prolixus, C. pseudothyrsiflorus, C. pseudovegetus, C. pumilus, C. reflexus, C. refractus, C. retroflexus, C. retrofractus, C. retrorsus, C. rotundus, C. sanguinolentus, C. schweinitzii, C. serotinus, C. seslerioides, C. setigerus, C. spectabilis, C. sphacelatus, C. sphaerolepis, C. squarrosus, C. strigosus, C. surinamensis, C. tetragonus, C. thyrsiflorus, C. virens
Synonyms C. filiculmis var. grayi, C. filiculmis var. oblitus
Name authority Torrey: Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 3: 268. (1836) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 45. (1753)
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