Cyperus giganteus |
Cyperus distinctus |
|
---|---|---|
giant flatsedge, Mexican papyrus |
swamp flatsedge |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, rhizomatous, stout. | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, rhizomatous. |
Culms | roundly trigonous, 200–350 cm × 15–50 mm, glabrous. |
terete, 40–60(–90)cm, glabrous. |
Leaves | bladeless. |
flat, 35–70 cm × 4–9(–12) mm. |
Inflorescences | spikes loosely cylindric, 15–40 × 8–16 mm; rays 5–8, ascending to erect, stiff,20–30 cm; 2d order rays 5–15 cm; bracts 10–12, ascending at 30–60°, flat, (8–) 20–45 cm × 4–12 mm; 2d order bracts (5–)15–25 cm × 1.5–5 mm; rachilla persistent, separating laterally, remaining firmly attached basally, wings 0.3–0.4 mm wide. |
heads hemispheric, 10–20 mm diam.; rays 5–9(–14), 3.5–10 cm; 2d order rays 0.5–2 cm; bracts 5–10, ± horizontal, flat, 12–40(–50) cm × 2–7 mm. |
Spikelets | (15–)50–80, slightly compressed, linear, ± quadrangular, 5–12 × 0.6–1.4 mm; floral scales 8–20, appressed, reddish beside 5-ribbed green medial part, white to hyaline near margins, ovate, 1.8–2.2 × 1.2–1.5 mm, apex acute to obtuse. |
(25–)35–50(–60), ovoid, compressed, (3.5–)5–12(–14) × 2.5–3.5(–4) mm; floral scales 10–32, golden brown to brown, 2-keeled, laterally ribless, narrowly lanceolate, 2–2.2(–3) × 0.8–1.4 mm. |
Flowers | anthers 0.7–1 mm (connective prolonged beyond anther as red subulate appendage 0.2–0.5 mm, its apex sometimes setose); styles 0.2–0.5 mm; stigmas (0.8–)1.2–1.8 mm. |
stamen 1; anthers 1 mm; styles 1 mm; stigmas 0.5 mm. |
Achenes | pale brown, sessile, oblong, 0.9–1 × 0.4–0.5 mm, apex scarcely apiculate, surfaces puncticulate. |
brown, stipitate, narrowly ellipsoid, 1.5–2 × 0.2–0.4 mm, base swollen, spongy, stipe 0.2 × 0.2–0.3 mm, apex acute, beak slender, 0.2 mm, surfaces puncticulate. |
Cyperus giganteus |
Cyperus distinctus |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer. | Fruiting summer. |
Habitat | Stream banks, marshes | Damp grasslands, roadsides, ditches |
Elevation | 0–10 m (0–0 ft) | 0–50 m (0–200 ft) |
Distribution |
LA; TX; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies [Introduced in North America] |
FL; GA; LA; SC; West Indies (Bahamas) |
Discussion | Cyperus giganteus was erroneously reported from Florida, a misidentification of C. papyrus (R. R. Haynes and A. Lasseigne 1969). Recently, some nurseries specializing in water plants have begun to offer C. giganteus under the name “Mexican papyrus.” Escaped cultivated plants may be expected in southeastern and southwestern United States. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The slender achenes with conspicuously swollen bases distinguish Cyperus distinctus from other species of subg. Pycnostachys. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 173. | FNA vol. 23, p. 154. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Cyperus | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Pycnostachys |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. virens var. brittonii | |
Name authority | Vahl: Enum. Pl. 2: 364. (1805) | Steudel: Syn. Pl. Glumac. 2: 24. (1855) |
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