Cyperus filiculmis |
Cyperus alopecuroides |
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foxtail flatsedge |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, bases cormose; rhizomes knotted, beaded. | Herbs, perennial, rhizomatous, coarse. |
Culms | trigonous, 15–48 cm × 0.4–1 mm, glabrous. |
trigonous, 150–250 cm × 2–15 mm, glabrous. |
Leaves | flat, 10–30 cm × 0.5–2 mm. |
inversely W-shaped, 30–150 cm × 6–22 mm. |
Inflorescences | spikes rather densely ovoid, 1–3.5 cm; rays 0 (sometimes 1–4), 1–6 cm; rachis 1–4 mm; bracts 3–4, horizontal to slightly reflexed, flat, 6–25 cm; rachilla ± deciduous, wingless. |
spikes 1–4, cylindric, 1.5–4 cm × 7–15 mm; rays 3–9, 10–26 cm; 2d order rays 2–11 cm; 3d order rays 1–4 cm (or absent); bracts 3–5, ± horizontal, 20–100 cm × 3–15 mm; 2d order bracts 2–7 cm × 2–7 mm; 3d order bracts 2–5 cm × 2–4 mm (or absent); rachilla persistent, wingless or wing hyaline, narrow, 0.1 mm wide. |
Spikelets | 25–60, compressed, oblong-lanceoloid, 5–12 × 2.2–3.5 mm; floral scales deciduous, 5–15, yellowish to yellowish brown, laterally 4–5-ribbed, oblong-ovate, 2.6–3.6 × 1.4–2 mm, margins loosely spreading or clasping achene. |
50–100, linear, ± quadrangular, slightly compressed, 8–11 × 0.9–1.2 mm; floral scales 15–30, marginally clear, laterally reddish along midrib, medially green, laterally 3–4 ribbed, medially 3–5-ribbed, ovate, 1–2–1.6 × 1.1–1.3 mm, apex mucronulate. |
Flowers | anthers 0.8–1 mm; styles 1 mm; stigmas 1.5–2.5 mm. |
anthers 2, 0.4–0.5 mm; styles 0.8–1 mm; stigmas 2, 0.4 mm. |
Achenes | dark grayish brown, sessile, narrowly oblong, 1.8–2.2 × 0.5–0.8 mm, apex obtuse, apiculate, surfaces puncticulate. |
dark brown, sessile, ellipsoid to obovoid, 0.9 × 0.4–0.5 mm, surfaces finely puncticulate. |
Cyperus filiculmis |
Cyperus alopecuroides |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer. | Fruiting summer. |
Habitat | Well-drained, open roadsides, fields, pine barrens, dunes | Pond shores, stream banks |
Elevation | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) | 0–30 m (0–100 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; LA; MD; MS; NC; SC; TX; VA |
FL; West Indies; Asia; Africa; Australia [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Cyperus filiculmis has long been treated within a broader and more widely used concept of C. filiculmis (C. lupulinus); see B. G. Marcks (1974) (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Cyperus alopecuroides has been introduced in Polk County, Florida. Plants of Cyperus alopecuroides might be confused with C. digitatus; large size and the biconvex achenes with two stigmas characterize C. alopecuroides. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 175. | FNA vol. 23, p. 173. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. martindalei | |
Name authority | Vahl: Enum. Pl. 2: 328. (1805) | Rottbøll: Descr. Pl. Rar., 20. (1772) |
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