Cyperus entrerianus |
Cyperus grayoides |
|
---|---|---|
woodrush flatsedge |
Illinois flatsedge, Mohlenbrock's sedge, umbrella sedge |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, coarse; rhizomes (seldom collected) indurate, oblique, 5–12 mm wide, with fibrous brown floral scales, 1–5 cm. | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, rhizomatous, tuberlike. |
Culms | 1–3, trigonous to roundly trigonous, (30–)40–65(–95) cm × (1–)2–3 mm. |
trigonous, 5–35 cm × 0.7–1.2 mm, glabrous. |
Leaves | (1–)5–10, V-shaped, (10–)30–45(–70) cm × 3–7 mm. |
V-shaped, 5–25 cm × 1.5–3.5 mm, slightly scabridulous on abaxial margins, midrib. |
Inflorescences | heads loosely to densely globose-ovoid, (6–)10–12(–20) mm diam.; rays 6–10(–12), 1–8(–12) cm; 2d order rays 1–4, 5–15(–23) mm; bracts (5–)6–8(–10), ascending at 45–60(–75)°, V-shaped, (5–)15–40(–55) cm × (1–)3–7 mm. |
spikes loosely ± globose, 15–25 mm wide; rays 1–10 cm; rachis 1–4 mm; bracts 3–7, ascending, V-shaped, 3–20 cm × 1–3 mm; rachilla deciduous, wingless. |
Spikelets | (1–)30–50(–65), greenish white, linear to broadly ellipsoid, flattened, 4–6.5 × 1.8–3.2 mm; floral scales (10–)16–20(–26), laterally clear, pale green, off-white, or light brown, medially green or light brown, laterally weakly 1-ribbed, medially 2-ribbed, basally 2-keeled, oblong-lanceolate, (1.2–)1.4–1.6(–1.8) × (0.7–)0.8–1 mm, apex acute, mucronate, distally glabrous or scabridulous. |
3–24, compressed, oblong-lanceoloid, 4–12 × 2.5–3.2 mm; floral scales deciduous, 3–9, pale reddish brown, ovate, laterally 3–5-ribbed, 2.5–3 × 2–2.4 mm, apex acute to obtuse. |
Flowers | stamen 1; anthers ellipsoid, 0.6–0.7 mm, connective apex acute, 0.1–0.2 mm; styles 0.2–0.4 mm; stigmas 0.4–0.6 mm. |
anthers 1–1.2 mm; styles 0.4–0.6 mm; stigmas 1–2 mm. |
Achenes | brown, stipitate, ellipsoid to narrowly ellipsoid, broadly rounded or contracted basally, gradually tapered toward apex, 0.9–1.1 × 0.3–0.4 mm, stipe 0.1 mm, apex acute, surfaces finely reticulate. |
dark brown, ± stipitate, ellipsoid, 2–2.4 × 0.9–1.2 mm, apex obtuse, apiculate, surfaces glabrous, puncticulate, or papillose. |
2n | = 166. |
|
Cyperus entrerianus |
Cyperus grayoides |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer. | Fruiting summer. |
Habitat | Roadside ditches, marshes | Sand prairies, waste places, fallow fields |
Elevation | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) | 100–300 m (300–1000 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; TX; Mexico; South America; Central America (Nicaragua) [Introduced in North America]
|
AR; IL; LA; MO; TX
|
Discussion | Cyperus entrerianus is a recent introduction in the southern United States (earliest collection from Pensacola County, Florida, Brinker 413, MO in 1941). It has been confused with C. luzulae. The species that Boeckeler had first described 50 years earlier was accepted by G. Kükenthal (1935–1936). Cyperus entrerianus was accepted as a variety of C. luzulae by A. B. Ayers (1946); M. F. Denton (1978b) considered C. entrerianus a synonym of C. luzulae, stating that the features of these two taxa merged so completely throughout their geographic ranges that C. entrerianus could not be given specific status. Cyperus luzulae in the strict sense does not extend northward to North America. Morphologic differences between Cyperus entrerianus and C. luzulae are as follows (G. C. Tucker 1994). Cyperus entrerianus has culms 40–75 cm; inflorescence bracts ascending at 45–60°; primary rays ascending at 45–60(–75)°; 2d order rays present; heads of spikelets loosely globose-ovoid, light greenish white to golden brown; rachilla dark red with stramineous scale scars; and scale apices acute. Cyperus luzulae has culms 20–40 cm; inflorescence bracts approximately horizontal; primary rays ascending at 15–30°; 2d order rays absent; heads of spikelets densely oblong to pyramidal, bright to dull white; rachilla green throughout; and scale apices rounded. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Cyperus grayoides is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plant’s. See frontispiece. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 23. | FNA vol. 23. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Pycnostachys | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Cyperus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. luzulae var. entrerianus | |
Name authority | Boeckeler: Flora 61: 139. (1878) | Mohlenbrock: Brittonia 11: 255, fig. 1. (1959) |
Web links |