Cyperus echinatus |
Cyperus serotinus |
|
---|---|---|
globe flatsedge, teasel sedge |
tidalmarsh flatsedge |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, single-stemmed to loosely cespitose. | Herbs, perennial, stoloniferous; stolons terminated by tubers. |
Culms | basally cormlike, trigonous, (15–)30–100 cm × 0.5–3.5 mm, glabrous. |
trigonous, 50–100 cm × 5–8 mm, glabrous. |
Leaves | flat to V-shaped, 10–65 cm × 3–9 mm, adaxial surface, margins minutely scabridulous. |
3–6, V-shaped, 20–50 cm × 5–8(–10) mm. |
Inflorescences | spikes densely globose to globose-ovoid, 8–17 mm wide; rays 3–12, 2–12 cm, scaberous adaxially especially distally; rachis 4–8 mm; bracts (3–)4–7, ascending at 30(–45)°, flat, 5–35 cm × 2–9 mm; rachilla persistent, wings 0.5–0.7 mm wide. |
spikes not appearing lateral, rays 5–8, 2–7(–12) cm; bracts 3–4, ± horizontal to ascending at 45°, V-shaped, 5–25 cm × 1.5–8 mm; spikes 1–4, ovoid, 2–4 × 2–3 cm; rachis 1–2.7 cm, smooth or hispidulous; rachilla persistent, wingless or with hyaline wings scarcely 0.1 mm wide. |
Spikelets | 50–100, oblong-lanceoloid, ± terete-quadrangular, (3.5–)4–7 × 1–1.4 mm; distal spikelet spreading or ascending; floral scales persistent, 3–5, appressed, stramineous to brownish, 4-ribbed laterally, oblong-elliptic, 3.5–4.5 × 1–1.8 mm, membranous, apex entire or emarginate with mucro to 0.3 mm. |
7–14, flattened, lanceoloid, 10–20 × 2–2.5 mm; floral scales 10–30, laterally dark brown to reddish brown, medially greenish, laterally 5–9-ribbed, ovate-deltate; anthers 3, 0.5 mm; styles 0.5 mm; stigmas 1.2–1.6 mm. |
Flowers | anthers 0.4–0.8 mm; styles 0.5–0.6 mm; stigmas 1 mm. |
|
Achenes | brown, ± stipitate, oblong, (1.5–)1.8–2.3 × 0.5–0.6(–0.7) mm (1/2 length of floral scales), apex obtuse, surfaces puncticulate. |
brown, sessile, ellipsoid, 1.4–1.6 × 1.4–1.5 mm, apex obtuse, apiculate. |
Cyperus echinatus |
Cyperus serotinus |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer–early fall. | Fruiting summer. |
Habitat | Disturbed, sunny sites, in mesic places, well-drained soils | Tidal marshes |
Elevation | 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) | 0 m (0 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; West Indies
|
DE; NJ; PA; Eurasia [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | The records for Rhode Island and Wisconsin are according to M. L. Horvat (1941); we have not seen specimens from those states. Cyperus echinatus is usually recognized by its tight, nearly spheric spikes; it may occasionally be hard to distinguish from C. croceus and C. retrorsus. Compared to C. retrorsus, C. echinatus has larger spikelets and longer floral scales, anthers, and achenes. In contrast to C. echinatus, C. croceus has looser spikes, shorter, broader, greenish or yellowish floral scales, shorter, more ovoid achenes, and shorter anthers. Furthermore, C. echinatus is predominantly an inland species of roadsides, pastures, and other disturbed ground; C. retrorsus is primarily a coastal species and occurs in drier, sandier sites. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 182. | FNA vol. 23, p. 164. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Cyperus | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Juncellus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Scirpus echinatus, C. ovularis, C. ovularis var. americanus, C. ovularis var. sphaericus, C. ovularis var. wolfii, C. wolfii, Kyllinga ovularis, Mariscus ovularis | Chlorocyperus serotinus, Juncellus serotinus |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Alph. Wood: Class-book Bot. ed. s.n.(b), 734. (1861) | Rottbøll: Descr. Pl. Rar., 18. (1772) |
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