Cyperus echinatus |
Cyperus ovatus |
|
---|---|---|
globe flatsedge, teasel sedge |
ovateleaf flatsedge |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, single-stemmed to loosely cespitose. | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, (15–)30–100 cm. |
Culms | basally cormlike, trigonous, (15–)30–100 cm × 0.5–3.5 mm, glabrous. |
not basally cormlike, trigonous, (15–)30–100 cm × 1–3 mm, glabrous. |
Leaves | flat to V-shaped, 10–65 cm × 3–9 mm, adaxial surface, margins minutely scabridulous. |
V-shaped, 10–65 cm × 2–4 mm. |
Inflorescences | spikes densely globose to globose-ovoid, 8–17 mm wide; rays 3–12, 2–12 cm, scaberous adaxially especially distally; rachis 4–8 mm; bracts (3–)4–7, ascending at 30(–45)°, flat, 5–35 cm × 2–9 mm; rachilla persistent, wings 0.5–0.7 mm wide. |
spikes densely ovoid to cylindric, 8–17 mm wide; rays 1–6, 2–10 cm, glabrous; rachis 4–8 mm; bracts 3–9, ± horizontal, flat, 4–20 cm × 2–4 mm; rachilla persistent, wings deciduous, 0.2(–0.3) mm wide. |
Spikelets | 50–100, oblong-lanceoloid, ± terete-quadrangular, (3.5–)4–7 × 1–1.4 mm; distal spikelet spreading or ascending; floral scales persistent, 3–5, appressed, stramineous to brownish, 4-ribbed laterally, oblong-elliptic, 3.5–4.5 × 1–1.8 mm, membranous, apex entire or emarginate with mucro to 0.3 mm. |
30–80, oblong-lanceoloid, ± terete-quadrangular, 4–7 × 1.5–2 mm; distal spikelet spreading or ascending; floral scales persistent, 4–6, appressed, stramineous, laterally 3-ribbed, oblong-elliptic, 1.9–2.6 × 1.1–1.5 mm. |
Flowers | anthers 0.4–0.8 mm; styles 0.5–0.6 mm; stigmas 1 mm. |
anthers 0.3–0.5 mm; styles 0.5 mm; stigmas 1–2 mm. |
Achenes | brown, ± stipitate, oblong, (1.5–)1.8–2.3 × 0.5–0.6(–0.7) mm (1/2 length of floral scales), apex obtuse, surfaces puncticulate. |
brown, ± stipitate, oblong-fusiform, 1.2–1.5 × 0.4–0.6 mm, apex ± acute, surfaces puncticulate. |
Cyperus echinatus |
Cyperus ovatus |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer–early fall. | Fruiting spring–summer. |
Habitat | Disturbed, sunny sites, in mesic places, well-drained soils | Sandy soils of beaches, coastal woods |
Elevation | 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; West Indies
|
AL; FL; GA; MS; NC; SC
|
Discussion | The records for Rhode Island and Wisconsin are according to M. L. Horvat (1941); we have not seen specimens from those states. Cyperus echinatus is usually recognized by its tight, nearly spheric spikes; it may occasionally be hard to distinguish from C. croceus and C. retrorsus. Compared to C. retrorsus, C. echinatus has larger spikelets and longer floral scales, anthers, and achenes. In contrast to C. echinatus, C. croceus has looser spikes, shorter, broader, greenish or yellowish floral scales, shorter, more ovoid achenes, and shorter anthers. Furthermore, C. echinatus is predominantly an inland species of roadsides, pastures, and other disturbed ground; C. retrorsus is primarily a coastal species and occurs in drier, sandier sites. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 182. | FNA vol. 23, p. 183. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Cyperus | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Cyperus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Scirpus echinatus, C. ovularis, C. ovularis var. americanus, C. ovularis var. sphaericus, C. ovularis var. wolfii, C. wolfii, Kyllinga ovularis, Mariscus ovularis | C. cylindricus, C. deeringianus, C. litoreus, C. pollardii, C. retrorsus var. curtisii, C. retrorsus var. deeringianus, C. winkleri, Mariscus curtisii, Mariscus litoreus |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Alph. Wood: Class-book Bot. ed. s.n.(b), 734. (1861) | Baldwin: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s. 2: 168. (1825) |
Web links |