Cyperus diandrus |
Cyperus iria |
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umbrella flat sedge |
rice-field flatsedge |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, cespitose, with fibrous roots. | Herbs, annual, cespitose. |
Culms | trigonous, 4–25(–35) cm, glabrous. |
trigonous, (5–)20–60 cm × (0.2–) 0.6–2.4 mm, glabrous. |
Leaves | flat, 5–20 cm × 1.5–3 mm. |
(1–)3–4, V-shaped, 15–40 cm × 3–6 mm. |
Inflorescences | heads ± digitate, 12–22 mm diam.; rays 3–6, 1–6 cm; bracts 1–4, ± horizontal, flat, 1.5–15 cm × 1.5–3 mm. |
spikes 2–5(–8), oblong to ovoid, 2–10 cm × 3–12 mm; rays 4–8, to 11 cm; bracts (4–)5(–7), ascending at 45°, V-shaped, (1.5–)8–30(–50) cm × 1–6 mm; rachilla persistent, wingless (successive floral scales 0.7–0.9 mm apart). |
Spikelets | 6–12, oblong-lanceoloid, compressed, 5–10 × 2.8–3.2 mm; floral scales 8–28, closely imbricate, stramineous to light brown or clear (marginal band bright red, spikelet thus appearing dark margined), laterally ribless, oblong to ovate, 2.5–3 × 1.6–1.9 mm. |
10–30, compressed, linear to ellipsoid, 4–20 × 1.5–2.1 mm; floral scales deciduous, (2–)6–26, laterally brown to golden brown, edges clear, medially green, 5-ribbed, outermost ribs more noticeable than others, obovate to nearly orbiculate, 1.3–1.8 × 1.2–1.8 mm, margins emarginate, apex with mucro 0.05–0.12 mm. |
Flowers | stamens 2(–3); anthers 0.3 mm, connective apex reddish, subulate, 0.1–0.2 mm; styles 0.3–0.5 mm; stigmas 2.2–3.1 mm. |
stamens 2(–3); anthers (0.2–)0.3–0.4 mm, connective tips reddish, less than 0.1 mm; styles less than 0.1 mm; stigmas 0.2–0.4 mm. |
Achenes | brown, network of ridges forming isodiametric or square cells, sessile or stipitate, obovoid to ovoid, 1–1.2 × 0.5–0.6 mm, stipe, if present, 0.1 mm, apex obtuse, apiculate, surfaces minutely punctate. |
brown, slightly stipitate, obovoid, 1.2–1.4 × 0.5–0.7 mm, apex apiculate, surfaces puncticulate. |
Cyperus diandrus |
Cyperus iria |
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Phenology | Fruiting summer. | Fruiting summer–fall (Jul–Oct). |
Habitat | Emergent shorelines, in sandy, peaty, or slightly brackish areas (though seldom where disturbed) | Damp to moderately dry, disturbed soils |
Elevation | 0–600 m (0–2000 ft) | 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) |
Distribution |
CT; DE; IA; IL; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; NE; NH; NJ; NY; PA; RI; VA; VT; NB; NS; ON; QC
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AL; AR; CA; CT; FL; GA; IL; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NY; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; Mexico; Central America; South America; Asia; Africa; Australia [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | Cyperus iria was first recorded in the New World from the southeastern United States in the 1840s. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 161. | FNA vol. 23, p. 166. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Pycreus | Cyperaceae > Cyperus > subg. Cyperus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Pycreus diander | |
Name authority | Torrey: Cat. Pl. New York, 90. (1819) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 45. (1753) |
Web links |
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