Cynosurus echinatus |
Cynosurus cristatus |
|
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bristly dog's-tail grass, bristly dogtail, bristly dogtail grass, dogtail grass, hedgehog dogtail, hedgehog dogtail grass |
crested dogstail grass, crested dogtail, crested dogtail grass, Crételle des prés, cynosure accrêté |
|
Habit | Plants annual; tufted. | Plants perennial; cespitose, not rhizomatous. |
Culms | 9-70 cm, clustered or solitary. |
(5)15-75 (90) cm. |
Sheaths | smooth, glabrous; ligules 2.5-5(10) mm, obtuse, entire; blades 3-13.5(23) cm long, 2.5-14 mm wide, scabrous. |
smooth, glabrous; ligules 0.5-2.5 mm, truncate, erose or ciliolate; blades 3-15(19) cm long, 0.5-2(4.3) mm wide, glabrous or pubescent. |
Panicles | 1-4(8) cm long, 0.7-2 cm wide, ovoid to almost globose, unilateral. |
(1) 3.5-14 cm long, 0.4-1 cm wide, linear, spikelike, unilateral. |
Spikelets | 7-14 mm, subsessile or shortly pedicellate; pedicels to 1.6 mm. |
3-7 mm, subsessile or shortly pedicellate, pedicels to 1 mm. |
Sterile | spikelets with 6-18 florets; glumes and lemmas similar, subulate to linear-lanceolate, glabrous, sometimes scabridulous, awned, awns to 8 mm. |
spikelets strongly laterally compressed, with 6-11(18) florets; glumes and lemmas similar, linear-lanceolate, keeled, keels ciliate, apices acuminate to awned, awns to 1 mm. |
Fertile | spikelets with 1-5 florets, glumes and lemmas dissimilar; glumes 5.5-12 mm long, 0.4-0.9 mm wide, narrowly lanceolate, laterally compressed, hyaline, glabrous, 1-veined, keeled, awned, awns 0.5-2.2 mm; rachilla internodes 0.9-1.3 mm; lemmas 4-7 mm, slightly dorsally compressed, chartaceous or coriaceous, not keeled, lower 1/2 smooth, glabrous, distal 1/2 villous or scabrous, apices hyaline, ciliolate, entire or bidentate, awned, awns 5-18(25) mm; anthers 1-4 mm. |
spikelets with 2-5 florets, glumes and lemmas dissimilar; glumes 2.8-5.1 mm long, 0.6-0.9 mm wide, 1-veined, laterally compressed, hyaline, keeled, acute; rachilla internodes 0.4-0.6 mm; lemmas 3-4.5 mm long, 0.6-1.1 mm wide, dorsally compressed, membranous to subcoriaceous, not keeled, margins hyaline, ciliolate, apices obtuse to acute, unawned or awned, awns to 3 mm; anthers 1.8-3 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Cynosurus echinatus |
Cynosurus cristatus |
|
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; CT; GA; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WA; WV; BC
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CA; CO; CT; DE; ID; MA; MD; ME; MI; MT; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; TN; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; BC; LB; NS; ON; QC
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Discussion | Cynosurus echinatus is native to southern Europe. It is now established in dry, open habitats in North America, South America, and Australia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Cynosurus cristatus is a European native that is now established in North America. It grows in a wide range of soils in dry or damp habitats. In Europe it is used for fodder and pasture, especially for sheep, but in North America it is regarded as a weedy species. It is self-incompatible. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 24, p. 687. | FNA vol. 24, p. 685. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Cynosurus | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Cynosurus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | L. | L. |
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