The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

bristly dog's-tail grass, bristly dogtail, bristly dogtail grass, dogtail grass, hedgehog dogtail, hedgehog dogtail grass

crested dogstail grass, crested dogtail, crested dogtail grass, Crételle des prés, cynosure accrêté

Habit Plants annual; tufted. Plants perennial; cespitose, not rhizomatous.
Culms

9-70 cm, clustered or solitary.

(5)15-75 (90) cm.

Sheaths

smooth, glabrous;

ligules 2.5-5(10) mm, obtuse, entire;

blades 3-13.5(23) cm long, 2.5-14 mm wide, scabrous.

smooth, glabrous;

ligules 0.5-2.5 mm, truncate, erose or ciliolate;

blades 3-15(19) cm long, 0.5-2(4.3) mm wide, glabrous or pubescent.

Panicles

1-4(8) cm long, 0.7-2 cm wide, ovoid to almost globose, unilateral.

(1) 3.5-14 cm long, 0.4-1 cm wide, linear, spikelike, unilateral.

Spikelets

7-14 mm, subsessile or shortly pedicellate;

pedicels to 1.6 mm.

3-7 mm, subsessile or shortly pedicellate, pedicels to 1 mm.

Sterile

spikelets with 6-18 florets;

glumes and lemmas similar, subulate to linear-lanceolate, glabrous, sometimes scabridulous, awned, awns to 8 mm.

spikelets strongly laterally compressed, with 6-11(18) florets;

glumes and lemmas similar, linear-lanceolate, keeled, keels ciliate, apices acuminate to awned, awns to 1 mm.

Fertile

spikelets with 1-5 florets, glumes and lemmas dissimilar;

glumes 5.5-12 mm long, 0.4-0.9 mm wide, narrowly lanceolate, laterally compressed, hyaline, glabrous, 1-veined, keeled, awned, awns 0.5-2.2 mm;

rachilla internodes 0.9-1.3 mm;

lemmas 4-7 mm, slightly dorsally compressed, chartaceous or coriaceous, not keeled, lower 1/2 smooth, glabrous, distal 1/2 villous or scabrous, apices hyaline, ciliolate, entire or bidentate, awned, awns 5-18(25) mm;

anthers 1-4 mm.

spikelets with 2-5 florets, glumes and lemmas dissimilar;

glumes 2.8-5.1 mm long, 0.6-0.9 mm wide, 1-veined, laterally compressed, hyaline, keeled, acute;

rachilla internodes 0.4-0.6 mm;

lemmas 3-4.5 mm long, 0.6-1.1 mm wide, dorsally compressed, membranous to subcoriaceous, not keeled, margins hyaline, ciliolate, apices obtuse to acute, unawned or awned, awns to 3 mm;

anthers 1.8-3 mm.

2n

= 14.

= 14.

Cynosurus echinatus

Cynosurus cristatus

Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CA; CT; GA; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WA; WV; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; CO; CT; DE; ID; MA; MD; ME; MI; MT; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; TN; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; BC; LB; NS; ON; QC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Cynosurus echinatus is native to southern Europe. It is now established in dry, open habitats in North America, South America, and Australia.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Cynosurus cristatus is a European native that is now established in North America. It grows in a wide range of soils in dry or damp habitats. In Europe it is used for fodder and pasture, especially for sheep, but in North America it is regarded as a weedy species. It is self-incompatible.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 24, p. 687. FNA vol. 24, p. 685.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Cynosurus Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Cynosurus
Sibling taxa
C. cristatus
C. echinatus
Name authority L. L.
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