Cylindropuntia versicolor |
Cylindropuntia munzii |
|
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staghorn cholla |
Munz cholla, Munz's cholla |
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Habit | Trees or shrubs, openly branching at acute angles, to 2 m. Stem segments whorled or subwhorled, purple to green-purple, 4–18 × 1–2 cm; tubercles prominent, elongate-oval, 1–2(–2.5) cm; areoles subcircular, 3.5–4 mm diam.; wool tan to brown, aging gray. | Trees or treelike shrubs, with trunk(s) and main branches spreading, bearing terminal tufts of usually drooping branchlets, 2–4 m. Stem segments easily detached, gray-green, 4–16 × 1.2–2.5 cm; tubercles prominent, narrowly oval, 1–2 cm; areoles subcircular to obdeltate, 5–7 × 3–4.5 mm; wool tawny to yellow-brown, aging gray. |
Spines | 6–8 per areole (1–2 bristlelike spines) increasing with time, well distributed along stem, slightly interlacing with spines of adjacent areoles, short; abaxial spines usually reflexed, whitish, pinkish to red-brown, lightly flattened, the longest 10–18 mm; adaxial spines erect or spreading, rich red-brown, gray coated basally, subterete, 6–11 mm; sheaths grayish, tipped brown or yellow to golden Glochids in small adaxial tuft or crescent, dark yellow, to 1 mm. |
(7–)9–14 per areole, at most areoles, erect or spreading, yellow, aging red- to gray-black with pale tips, terete or abaxial ones slightly flattened, the longest to 3 cm; marginal bristlelike spines shorter, 0–4; sheaths pale yellow becoming golden apically, baggy. |
Glochids | in adaxial crescent and sometimes small tuft, yellow, inconspicuous, 0.5–2 mm. |
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Flowers | inner tepals yellow-green, yellow to gold or bronze, or red to rose or magenta, spatulate, apiculate; filaments yellowish green; anthers yellow; style whitish to pale bronze; stigma lobes whitish. |
inner tepals pale reddish maroon-brown, elliptic, of irregular lengths, 8–15 mm, emarginate-apiculate; filaments green; anthers yellow; style and stigma lobes cream. |
Fruits | often proliferating, yellowish green or tinged red to purple, often stipitate, obovate, 25–40 × 10–20 mm, leathery-fleshy, tuberculate or smooth, essentially spineless; tubercles prominent, at first, subequal in length or proximal ones longer, fertile ones swelling and becoming smooth; umbilicus to 9 mm deep; areoles 20–30. |
easily detached, tan when mature and fertile, globose, 17–24 × 17–21 mm, dry, tuberculate, spineless but bearing numerous very long glochids; basal tubercles not markedly longer than distal ones (except in sterile fruits); areoles 30–40. |
Seeds | yellowish, polygonal in outline, warped, 3.5–5.5 × 2.5–5 mm, sides nearly flattened with depressions and protrusions to angular subspheric; girdle smooth or in a groove. |
pale yellow, rounded-deltoid, slightly flattened, 3–4.5 × 3–4 mm, sides smooth; girdle smooth, not protruding. |
2n | = 22. |
= 22, 33. |
Cylindropuntia versicolor |
Cylindropuntia munzii |
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Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–Jun). | Flowering spring (Mar–May). |
Habitat | Sonoran Desert, desert scrub, flats, washes, rocky hillsides, canyons | Sonoran Desert, flats, hills, sandy to rocky soils |
Elevation | 600-1300 m (2000-4300 ft) | 400-700 m (1300-2300 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; Mexico (Sonora)
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CA; Mexico (Baja California) |
Discussion | Cylindropuntia versicolor forms hybrids with C. acanthocarpa var. major, C. arbuscula (= C. ×vivipara), C. leptocaulis (see discussion under 3. C. ×tetracantha), and C. spinosior (= C. ×grantiorum P. V. Heath). Cylindropuntia ×grantiorum, found in eastern to south-central Arizona, is intermediate between the parental species in values for the number of spines per stem areole, stem segment diameter and color, and fruit tubercles. The hybrids between C. versicolor and C. acanthocarpa var. major, which occur in south-central Arizona, have fleshy, tuberculate fruits, often with one or two short permanent spines at apex and longer and more numerous spines per stem areole. Cylindropuntia versicolor itself may be of hybrid origin. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Cylindropuntia munzii hybridizes with C. echinocarpa forming a shrub to 1.5 m, with shorter tubercles and baggy-sheathed spines obscuring the stem and bearing fruits with long glochids but no spines. The chromosome number for the hybrid is 2n = 22. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 4, p. 109. | FNA vol. 4, p. 115. |
Parent taxa | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Cylindropuntia | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Cylindropuntia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Opuntia versicolor, Opuntia arborescens var. versicolor, Opuntia thurberi subsp. versicolor | Opuntia munzii |
Name authority | (Engelmann ex J. M. Coulter) F. M. Knuth: in C. Backeberg and F. M. Knuth, Kaktus-ABC, 125. (1935) | (C. B. Wolf) Backeberg: Kakteenlexikon, 113. (1966) |
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