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coyonostyle, tree cholla

Tucson pricklypear

Habit Trees, with short trunks, or large shrubs, widely branching, (1–)1.5–2.5(–5) m. Stem segments firmly attached, whorled or subwhorled, gray-green, cylindric to weakly clavate, 10–40 × 1.5–4 cm; tubercles very prominent, widely spaced, (1.5–)2–5 cm; areoles elliptic, 5–8× 3–4 mm; wool yellow to tan, aging gray to black. Shrubs, openly branched, 0.5–1.3 m. Stem segments usually alternate, green to gray-green (or reddish), 5–28 × 0.7–1.4 cm; tubercles moderately prominent, narrowly elongate, 1.5–3 cm; areoles subcircular, 1.5–3 mm in diam.; wool tan, aging gray.
Spines

(5–)8–15(–30) per areole or spineless to nearly spineless, usually at most areoles, not obscuring stems, spreading, straight or slightly curved, silver to yellow to usually ± red or tan to brown, stout, terete or sometimes flattened basally, 8–30(–40) mm subequal;

sheaths silver to yellow to usually tan to dirty white, yellow tipped.

(0–)1–4 per areole, in all but proximal areoles of stem segment, usually all deflexed, yellow with whitish to pinkish basal coating, moderately stout to acicular, the longest 1.5–2.8 cm;

sheaths whitish at bases to golden at tips.

Glochids

in dense adaxial tuft, pale yellow, 0.5–3 mm.

in adaxial tuft and marginal about areole, yellow, 1–3 mm.

Flowers

inner tepals dark pink to magenta to red-magenta, obovate, apiculate, 15–35 mm;

filaments green basally to pink to magenta distally;

anthers yellow;

style light green basally or pink to red-magenta apically;

stigma lobes green or cream.

inner tepals greenish bronze or red to magenta, spatulate- to obovate-apiculate, 10–15 mm;

filaments reddish;

anthers light yellow;

color of style and stigma lobes unknown.

Fruits

not proliferating, yellow, obovoid, 24–45 × 20–40 mm, fleshy, tuberculate, spineless;

areoles 18–30;

tubercles nearly equal in length or longer in proximal portion of fruit, prominent (occasionally smooth at maturity);

umbilicus 7–14 mm deep.

commonly sterile, often proliferating, green, becoming yellow with red blush to red, obconic to obovate-stipitate, 15–23 × 10–20 mm, fleshy, moderately tuberculate;

umbilicus deep, 3–4.5 mm;

areoles 10–18, a few producing 1(–2) short spines.

Seeds

yellow-tan, subcircular to angled, warped, 2.5–4 mm diam., sides smooth to slightly lumpy;

girdle usually narrow, not protruding.

tan, angularly subcircular to broadly oval, warped, 3–4 × 3–3.5 mm;

girdle broad, lumpy, little protruding.

2n

= 22.

Cylindropuntia imbricata

Cylindropuntia ×tetracantha

Phenology Flowering spring (Apr–May).
Habitat Sonoran desert scrub, flats, hills
Elevation 500-1000 m (1600-3300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CO; KS; NM; OK; TX; n Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2+ (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Cylindropuntia ×tetracantha (= C. acanthocarpa × C. leptocaulis) is an uncommon hybrid; sympatric hybrids long confused with and usually included in C. ×tetracantha involve C. leptocaulis × C. spinosior, which have spineless, reddish, and strongly tuberculate fruits and long-spreading, subwhorled branches, and C. leptocaulis × C. versicolor, which have spineless, reddish, smooth, and enlarged fruits and a less spreading habit.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Plants trees 3-5 m; stem segments 12-40 cm; tubercles widely spaced; spines, and sheaths when present, usually tan to dirty white or ± yellow
var. imbricata
1. Plants erect shrubs to 1.2 m; stem segments 10-20 cm; tubercles narrowly spaced; spines and sheaths silvery
var. argentea
Source FNA vol. 4, p. 112. FNA vol. 4, p. 106.
Parent taxa Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Cylindropuntia Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Cylindropuntia
Sibling taxa
C. abyssi, C. acanthocarpa, C. arbuscula, C. bigelovii, C. californica, C. davisii, C. echinocarpa, C. fulgida, C. ganderi, C. kleiniae, C. leptocaulis, C. munzii, C. prolifera, C. ramosissima, C. spinosior, C. tunicata, C. versicolor, C. whipplei, C. wolfii, C. ×kelvinensis, C. ×tetracantha
C. abyssi, C. acanthocarpa, C. arbuscula, C. bigelovii, C. californica, C. davisii, C. echinocarpa, C. fulgida, C. ganderi, C. imbricata, C. kleiniae, C. leptocaulis, C. munzii, C. prolifera, C. ramosissima, C. spinosior, C. tunicata, C. versicolor, C. whipplei, C. wolfii, C. ×kelvinensis
Subordinate taxa
C. imbricata var. argentea, C. imbricata var. imbricata
Synonyms family cactaceae Cereus imbricatusH, Opuntia imbricata Opuntia tetracantha, Opuntia kleiniae var. tetracantha
Name authority (Haworth) F. M. Knuth: in C. Backeberg and F. M. Knuth, Kaktus-ABC, 125. (1935) (Toumey) F. M. Knuth: in C. Backeberg and F. M. Knuth, Kaktu s-ABC, 124. (1935)
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