Cylindropuntia fulgida |
Cylindropuntia tunicata |
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chain-fruit cholla, jumping cholla |
abrojo, sheath cholla, thistle cholla |
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Habit | Trees 1–3 m; trunk divaricately branching; crown many branched, spreading. | Shrubs, densely branched, 0.3–0.6 m. Stem segments easily detached, whorled or subwhorled, pale green to green, 5–20(–25) × 1.5–2.5 cm; tubercles very prominent, broad, 2–3 cm; areoles obdeltate, 4.5–8 × 2.5–5 mm; wool yellow-tan, aging gray. | ||||
Stem | segments whorled or subwhorled, gray-green, often drying blackish, ± spiny throughout, terminal ones easily dislodged, 6–16(–23) × 2–3.5 cm; tubercles salient, broadly oval, 0.8–1.3(–1.9) cm; areoles obdeltate, 5–7(–10) × 2.5–4 mm; wool gold to tan, aging gray to black. |
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Spines | 0–12(–18) per areole, at most areoles to nearly absent, yellowish, sometimes also pale pinkish, aging brown, interlaced or not with spines of adjacent areoles; abaxial spines erect to deflexed, spreading, flattened basally, the longest to 3.5 cm; adaxial spines erect or spreading, terete to subterete, longest to 2.5 cm; sheaths uniformly whitish, yellowish to golden, baggy. |
5–12 per areole, at most areoles, spreading, obscuring stems, yellow, acicular, larger ones 3–6 cm; sheaths persisting, yellow to tan, loosely fitting, 2–4 mm diam. |
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Glochids | in adaxial tuft, sometimes also scattered along areole margins, yellow, 1–3 mm. |
in small adaxial tuft, pale yellow, 0.5–1.2 mm. |
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Flowers | inner tepals usually reflexed, pink to magenta, obovate to ligulate, 12–16 mm, apiculate emarginate; filaments pale pink to magenta; anthers white to cream; style pinkish; stigma lobes whitish to pale yellow. |
inner tepals yellow to yellow-green, spatulate, 15–20 mm, apiculate; filaments yellowish; anthers yellow; style green to reddish; stigma lobes yellow-green to green. |
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Fruits | proliferating, forming long, branching, pendent chains, at maturity gray-green, often stipitate, obconic, fleshy, shallowly tuberculate, usually spineless; basal fruits 32–55 × 23–45 mm; terminal fruits 2–3.3 × 1.3–2.3 cm; tubercles becoming obscure; umbilicus to 8 mm deep; areoles 18–35. |
usually sterile, not proliferating, yellow to yellow-green, often tinged red, top-shaped to clavate, 25–50 × 8–15 mm, pulpy, tuberculate, spineless or sometimes weakly spined; tubercles subequal; umbilicus 5–7 mm deep; areoles 32–40. |
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Seeds | pale yellow to brownish, angular to very irregular in outline, warped, 1.9 × 1.5–3.5 mm, sides with 1–2 large depressions, hilum pointed; girdle smooth. |
light tan, ± obovate, to 2.5 × 2 mm; girdle smooth. |
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2n | = 22. |
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Cylindropuntia fulgida |
Cylindropuntia tunicata |
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Phenology | Flowering late spring (May–Jun). | |||||
Habitat | Chihuahuan Desert, sandy to gravelly substrates, usually calcareous slopes or alluvium | |||||
Elevation | 1500 m [2000-2300 m] (4900 ft [6600-7500 ft]) | |||||
Distribution |
AZ; nw Mexico
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TX; Mexico; South America (Chile, Ecuador) |
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Intermediates are known between the varieties, which are largely sympatric in northern portion of range of the species. Cylindropuntia fulgida forms hybrids with C. spinosior (see 6. C. ×kelvinensis) and C. leptocaulis. Hybrids, which are rare in south-central Arizona, have stems of intermediate diameter, (0–)1–5 spines per areole, one spine much longer than others, and spineless, yellowing, and often reddish fruits in chains of four to six, or more. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Small plants of Cylindropuntia tunicata arising from fallen fruits or seeds consist of series of subspheric segments resembling club-chollas; those have been named Opuntia stapeliae de Candolle (N. L. Britton and J. N. Rose 1919–1923, vol. 1). Apparently in some areas, few of these make it to maturity and larger young plants are rarely seen. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 4. | FNA vol. 4, p. 110. | ||||
Parent taxa | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Cylindropuntia | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Cylindropuntia | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Opuntia fulgida | Cactus tunicatus, Opuntia tunicata | ||||
Name authority | (Engelmann) F. M. Knuth: in C. Backeberg and F. M. Knuth, Kaktus-ABC, 126. (1935) | (Lehmann) F. M. Knuth: in C. Backeberg and F. M. Knuth, Kaktus-ABC, 126. (1935) | ||||
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