Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa |
Cylindropuntia tunicata |
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buck-horn cholla |
abrojo, sheath cholla, thistle cholla |
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Habit | Trees or shrubs, sparsely to densely branched, 1–2(–4) m. | Shrubs, densely branched, 0.3–0.6 m. | ||||||||||||
Stem | segments firmly attached, cylindric, 10–30(–50) × 2–2.5(–3) cm; tubercles prominent, narrow to broad, 1.5–4.5 cm; areoles elliptic to subcircular, 4–5.5 × 4–5 mm; wool white or yellowish to tan, aging gray-black. |
segments easily detached, whorled or subwhorled, pale green to green, 5–20(–25) × 1.5–2.5 cm; tubercles very prominent, broad, 2–3 cm; areoles obdeltate, 4.5–8 × 2.5–5 mm; wool yellow-tan, aging gray. |
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Spines | 6–20(–30+) per areole, often accompanied by 0–5 short bristlelike spines at areole margins, usually in distal areoles; major abaxial spines deflexed to divergent, subterete to flattened; major adaxial spines ascending-divergent, terete, yellow or tan to deep red-brown, aging gray, the central spine longest, 12–30(–38) mm; sheaths white to grayish with yellow to golden tips, baggy to tight fitting. |
5–12 per areole, at most areoles, spreading, obscuring stems, yellow, acicular, larger ones 3–6 cm; sheaths persisting, yellow to tan, loosely fitting, 2–4 mm diam. |
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Glochids | in inconspicuous to small adaxial tuft, yellow to brown, 0.5–2 mm. |
in small adaxial tuft, pale yellow, 0.5–1.2 mm. |
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Flowers | inner tepals bright yellow to bronze to brick red, spatulate, 20–30 mm, apiculate-emarginate; filaments red; anthers yellow; style and stigma lobes white to light green. |
inner tepals yellow to yellow-green, spatulate, 15–20 mm, apiculate; filaments yellowish; anthers yellow; style green to reddish; stigma lobes yellow-green to green. |
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Fruits | tan at maturity, obconic to ellipsoid, 15–35 × 15–20 mm, dry, tuberculate, densely to sparsely spiny (rarely spineless), with apical flange above shallow umbilicus; basal tubercles longest; areoles 12–30. |
usually sterile, not proliferating, yellow to yellow-green, often tinged red, top-shaped to clavate, 25–50 × 8–15 mm, pulpy, tuberculate, spineless or sometimes weakly spined; tubercles subequal; umbilicus 5–7 mm deep; areoles 32–40. |
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Seeds | pale yellow to tan, angular or squarish in outline, warped, 3.5–5 × 3–4.5 mm, sides smooth, each with 2–4 large depressions; girdle smooth. |
light tan, ± obovate, to 2.5 × 2 mm; girdle smooth. |
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2n | = 22. |
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Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa |
Cylindropuntia tunicata |
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Phenology | Flowering late spring (May–Jun). | |||||||||||||
Habitat | Chihuahuan Desert, sandy to gravelly substrates, usually calcareous slopes or alluvium | |||||||||||||
Elevation | 1500 m [2000-2300 m] [4900 ft [6600-7500 ft]] | |||||||||||||
Distribution |
AZ; CA; NV; UT; n Mexico
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TX; Mexico; South America (Chile, Ecuador) |
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Discussion | Varieties 4 (4 in the flora). Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa hybridizes with C. abyssi, C. echinocarpa (= C. ×deserta), C. bigelovii (= C. ×campii), C. leptocaulis (see C. ×tetracantha), C. ×multigeniculata, C. spinosior, C. versicolor, and C. whipplei (= C. congesta). Hybrids of C. acanthocarpa and C. ×multigeniculata are more open in habit, with longer stem segments than C. ×multigeniculata and with reddish filaments like C. acanthocarpa. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Small plants of Cylindropuntia tunicata arising from fallen fruits or seeds consist of series of subspheric segments resembling club-chollas; those have been named Opuntia stapeliae de Candolle (N. L. Britton and J. N. Rose 1919–1923, vol. 1). Apparently in some areas, few of these make it to maturity and larger young plants are rarely seen. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 4. | FNA vol. 4, p. 110. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | ||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||
Synonyms | Opuntia acanthocarpa | Cactus tunicatus, Opuntia tunicata | ||||||||||||
Name authority | (Engelmann & J. M. Bigelow) F. M. Knuth: in C. Backeberg and F. M. Knuth, Kaktus-ABC, 124. (1935) | (Lehmann) F. M. Knuth: in C. Backeberg and F. M. Knuth, Kaktus-ABC, 126. (1935) | ||||||||||||
Web links |