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buck-horn cholla

Gander cholla, Gander's buckhorn cholla, Gander's cholla

Habit Trees or shrubs, sparsely to densely branched, 1–2(–4) m. Shrubs, ascending, with strict branches, 0.5–1.5 m.
Stem

segments firmly attached, cylindric, 10–30(–50) × 2–2.5(–3) cm;

tubercles prominent, narrow to broad, 1.5–4.5 cm;

areoles elliptic to subcircular, 4–5.5 × 4–5 mm;

wool white or yellowish to tan, aging gray-black.

segments firmly attached, green, (5–)10–26 × (1.7–)2.5–4.5 cm;

tubercles prominent, narrowly elliptic to oval, often subribbed, (0.9–)1.3–2.6 cm;

areoles elliptic to obdeltate, 4–7 × 2.5–5 mm;

wool yellowish tan, aging gray.

Spines

6–20(–30+) per areole, often accompanied by 0–5 short bristlelike spines at areole margins, usually in distal areoles;

major abaxial spines deflexed to divergent, subterete to flattened;

major adaxial spines ascending-divergent, terete, yellow or tan to deep red-brown, aging gray, the central spine longest, 12–30(–38) mm;

sheaths white to grayish with yellow to golden tips, baggy to tight fitting.

11–18(–28) per areole, at most areoles, moderately to wholly obscuring stems, spreading or erect, whitish, pale yellow to pinkish tan to reddish, aging brown or black, terete or abaxial spines basally flattened, grading in length, the longest porrect to reflexed, 2–2.5(–3.5) cm, with 0–6 bristlelike spines at areole margins;

sheaths slightly baggy, whitish becoming yellow to golden apically.

Glochids

in inconspicuous to small adaxial tuft, yellow to brown, 0.5–2 mm.

in thin adaxial crescent, yellow or tan to rusty, 0.5–6 mm.

Flowers

inner tepals bright yellow to bronze to brick red, spatulate, 20–30 mm, apiculate-emarginate;

filaments red;

anthers yellow;

style and stigma lobes white to light green.

inner tepals greenish yellow, often with tips reddish abaxially, spatulate, 22–30 mm, apiculate to emarginate-apiculate;

filaments yellow-green to green;

anthers yellow to orange-yellow;

style cream to yellow, sometimes basally greenish;

stigma lobes greenish cream, cream or yellow.

Fruits

tan at maturity, obconic to ellipsoid, 15–35 × 15–20 mm, dry, tuberculate, densely to sparsely spiny (rarely spineless), with apical flange above shallow umbilicus;

basal tubercles longest;

areoles 12–30.

yellowish, drying tan, globose, tuberculate, budlike with spines similar to those of stem segments but slightly shorter, often reflexed;

proximal tubercles slightly elongated if fruits fertile;

umbilicus 4–5 mm deep;

areoles 22–32(–40).

Seeds

pale yellow to tan, angular or squarish in outline, warped, 3.5–5 × 3–4.5 mm, sides smooth, each with 2–4 large depressions;

girdle smooth.

pale yellow, angular-suborbicular, flattened to slightly warped, 4.5–6 × 4.5–5.7 mm, sides with 3–5 depressions;

girdle smooth, not protruding.

2n

= 22.

Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa

Cylindropuntia ganderi

Phenology Flowering spring (Mar–May).
Habitat Desert alluvial flats, bajadas, sandy, gravelly to rocky substrates
Elevation 100-1000 m [300-3300 ft]
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; NV; UT; n Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 4 (4 in the flora).

Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa hybridizes with C. abyssi, C. echinocarpa (= C. ×deserta), C. bigelovii (= C. ×campii), C. leptocaulis (see C. ×tetracantha), C. ×multigeniculata, C. spinosior, C. versicolor, and C. whipplei (= C. congesta). Hybrids of C. acanthocarpa and C. ×multigeniculata are more open in habit, with longer stem segments than C. ×multigeniculata and with reddish filaments like C. acanthocarpa.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

In the north part of its range, Cylindropuntia ganderi intergrades with C. californica var. parkeri.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Tubercles 2.5-4.5 cm, broad; stem segments gray-green; spines of adjacent areoles not or barely interlaced, 6-11(-14) per areole; fruits bearing few spines or sometimes spineless
var. thornbe
1. Tubercles (1-)1.5-2.5(-3) cm, broad to narrow; stem segments green to yellow-green; spines of adjacent areoles interlaced; fruits densely spiny, sometimes burlike
→ 2
2. Abaxial 5-7 spines deflexed, usually subparallel, whitish to light brown; tubercles broad, oval; shrubs with few, ascending branches
var. acantho
2. Abaxial (14-)18-30+ spines deflexed to divergent, spreading, pale yellow to red-brown; tubercles narrowly elliptic; shrubs with few to many, spreading branches
→ 3
3. Branches usually at acute angles; stem segments yellowish green, usually long, commonly 15-30 cm; spines 18-30+, yellow to tan, sheaths baggy; inner tepals yellow
var. colorad
3. Branches usually at obtuse angles; stem segments green to dark green, usually short, commonly 8 -20 cm; spines 14-18(-23) per areole, yellow or red-brown, sheaths tight; inner tepals yellow to bronze to brick red
var. major
Source FNA vol. 4. Treatment author: Donald J. Pinkava. FNA vol. 4, p. 115. Treatment author: Donald J. Pinkava.
Parent taxa Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Cylindropuntia Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Cylindropuntia
Sibling taxa
C. abyssi, C. arbuscula, C. bigelovii, C. californica, C. davisii, C. echinocarpa, C. fulgida, C. ganderi, C. imbricata, C. kleiniae, C. leptocaulis, C. munzii, C. prolifera, C. ramosissima, C. spinosior, C. tunicata, C. versicolor, C. whipplei, C. wolfii, C. ×kelvinensis, C. ×tetracantha
C. abyssi, C. acanthocarpa, C. arbuscula, C. bigelovii, C. californica, C. davisii, C. echinocarpa, C. fulgida, C. imbricata, C. kleiniae, C. leptocaulis, C. munzii, C. prolifera, C. ramosissima, C. spinosior, C. tunicata, C. versicolor, C. whipplei, C. wolfii, C. ×kelvinensis, C. ×tetracantha
Subordinate taxa
C. acanthocarpa var. acantho, C. acanthocarpa var. colorad, C. acanthocarpa var. major, C. acanthocarpa var. thornbe
Synonyms Opuntia acanthocarpa Opuntia acanthocarpa subsp. ganderi, Opuntia acanthocarpa var. ganderi, Opuntia ganderi
Name authority (Engelmann & J. M. Bigelow) F. M. Knuth: in C. Backeberg and F. M. Knuth, Kaktus-ABC, 124. (1935) (C. B. Wolf) Rebman & Pinkava: J. Arizona-Nevada Acad. Sci. 33: 150. (2001)
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