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cydonia, quince

Habit Trees, crowns rounded, (30–)80 dm.
Stems

1, sometimes several, erect or spreading;

bark: older trunks gray, fissures dividing bark into rectangular plates; short shoots absent; unarmed;

young branches tomentose, glabrescent;

buds ovoid, apex obtuse or acuminate, tomentose.

Leaves

deciduous, cauline, simple;

stipules caducous, free, ovate, margins glandular-serrate;

petiole present;

blade broadly ovate to oblong, 5–10 cm, firm or leathery, margins flat, entire, venation pinnate, abaxial surface densely villous, adaxial glabrous.

Inflorescences

terminal on leafy branches, flowers solitary, densely hairy (tomentose) within, otherwise glabrous;

bracts present similar to stipules;

bracteoles absent.

Pedicels

present.

Flowers

developing with leaves, perianth and androecium epigynous, 40–50 mm diam.;

hypanthium campanulate, ± constricted, 4–6 mm diam., inner rims hairy;

sepals 5, reflexed, ovate or broadly lanceolate;

petals 5, white or light pink, suborbiculate, ovate, or obovate, base short-clawed, apex rounded;

stamens 20, equal to or slightly longer than petals;

carpels 5, connate, adnate to hypanthium, ovaries 5-locular, tomentose, styles 5, terminal, distinct, ± equal to or 3/4 length of stamens, protruding through pit in top of hypanthium;

ovules many.

Fruits

pomes, sessile or pedicellate, yellow, pyriform or subglobose, 30–50 mm, tomentose (sometimes tomentum ± rubbed off, with abundant, grouped stone or grit cells); fleshy;

hypanthium persistent;

sepals persistent, reflexed;

carpels cartilaginous;

styles ± persistent.

Seeds

many.

Cydonia

Distribution
from USDA
Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America, Europe, Africa]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Species 1.

Cydonia is native from Iran to Turkestan; it is introduced and naturalized throughout much of temperate Asia and the Mediterranean region, where it has been cultivated for its edible fruit since ancient times.

The species of 'flowering quince' (Chaenomeles spp.) are often called quince, but this latter common name is best reserved for Cydonia oblonga.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 9, p. 486. Authors: Paul M. Catling, Gisèle Mitrow.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae
Subordinate taxa
C. oblonga
Name authority Miller: Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4, vol. 1. (1754)
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