Cuscuta suksdorfii |
Cuscuta americana |
|
---|---|---|
mountain dodder |
American dodder |
|
Stems | yellow, slender. |
yellow-orange, medium. |
Inflorescences | loose, umbelliform; bracts at base of clusters 1, at base of pedicels and/or flowers 0 or 1, ovate-lanceolate, membranous, margins entire, apex acute. |
glomerulate or densely paniculiform; bracts at base of clusters 1, at base of pedicels 0 or 1, ovate to lanceolate, ± fleshy, margins entire, apex acute. |
Pedicels | 0–2 mm. |
0.2–0.6 mm. |
Flowers | 4- or 5-merous, 2.8–3.3 mm, membranous, not papillate; calyx slightly zygomorphic, creamy yellow, broadly campanulate, 1-1/3–1-1/2 corolla tube length, divided 1/2–3/5 its length, not reticulate or shiny, lobes ovate, bases not overlapping, margins entire, midvein not carinate, apex long-attenuate; corolla white, drying creamy yellow, 2.6–3 mm, tube campanulate, 1.2–1.5 mm, not saccate, lobes suberect, triangular-ovate, longer than corolla tube length, margins entire, apex lance-attenuate, straight; infrastaminal scales relatively poorly developed, oblong, 0.6–1 mm, 1/2–3/4 corolla tube length, bridged at 0.2–0.3 mm, usually reduced to denticulate wings, rarely 2-fid with 1–3 fimbriae on each side of filament attachments, 0.1–0.2 mm; stamens included or barely visible through corolla sinuses, shorter than corolla lobes; filaments 0.2–0.5 mm; anthers 0.2–0.4 × 0.2–0.3 mm; styles terete to slightly subulate, 0.3–0.7 mm, 1/4 ovary length. |
5-merous, 2.5–4.2 mm, fleshy, not papillate; calyx brownish, cylindric, equaling or slightly shorter than corolla tube length, divided 1/4 its length, not reticulate or shiny, lobes broadly ovate, bases overlapping, margins entire, midvein not carinate, apex rounded to obtuse; corolla white, drying brown, 2–3.3 mm, tube cylindric, 1.7–2.5 mm, not saccate, lobes usually erect, sometimes spreading, ovate, 1/5–1/4 corolla tube length, margins entire, apex obtuse, ± cucullate, or straight; infrastaminal scales ovate to oblong, 1.4–2 mm, 3/4–4/5 corolla tube length, bridged at 0.6–1 mm, truncate to rounded, uniformly short-fimbriate, fimbriae 0.1–0.2 mm; stamens included, shorter than corolla lobes; filaments 0.1–0.3 mm; anthers 0.2–0.4 × 0.2–0.4 mm; styles filiform, 1.5–2.2 mm, longer than ovary. |
Capsules | ellipsoid-ovoid, ovoid-conic, or globose to depressed-globose, 2–3.2 × 2–3.6 mm, not thickened or raised around relatively small interstylar aperture, translucent, proximal 1/2 surrounded by withered corolla, indehiscent. |
globose-ovoid to ovoid, 1.8–3 × 0.8–2 mm, not thickened or raised around relatively small interstylar aperture, not translucent, capped by withered corolla, dehiscence circumscissile. |
Seeds | 2–4, obcompressed, subglobose, 0.8–1.1 × 0.8–1 mm, hilum subterminal. |
1, subglobose to ellipsoid, 1.4–1.5 × 1–1.1 mm, hilum region terminal. |
Cuscuta suksdorfii |
Cuscuta americana |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jul–Sep. | Flowering Sep–Mar. |
Habitat | mountain meadows. | Hosts: Bursera, Celtis, Citharexylum, Colubrina, Coursetia, Haematoxylum, Haplophyton, Havardia, Janusia, Jatropha, Karwinskia, Mimosa, Prosopis, Sebastiania, Senna, Vallesia, and other herbs and woody plants. |
Elevation | 1500–2600 m. (4900–8500 ft.) | 0–40 m. (0–100 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA
|
FL; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies |
Discussion | In Florida, Cuscuta americana may attack Citrus trees. Cuscuta americana was used by the Aztecs to produce a yellow dye called zacatlaxcalli (B. de Sahagún 1950–1982). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 14. | FNA vol. 14. |
Parent taxa | Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica | Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. salina var. acuminata, C. suksdorfii var. subpedicellata | |
Name authority | Yuncker: Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 18: 167. (1932) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 124. (1753) |
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