Cuscuta salina |
Cuscuta umbrosa |
|
---|---|---|
goldenthread, inland salt-marsh dodder, salt dodder, saltmarsh dodder |
big-fruit dodder |
|
Stems | orange-yellow, slender. |
yellow to orange, coarse. |
Inflorescences | loose to dense, corymbiform; bracts at base of clusters 1, at base of pedicels 0 or 1, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, membranous, margins entire, apex acute. |
dense, paniculiform; bracts at base of clusters 1, at base of pedicels 0(or 1), ovate to broadly triangular, membranous, margins entire, apex acute to obtuse. |
Pedicels | (0.5–)1–5 mm. |
0.9–7 mm. |
Flowers | 5-merous, 2.5–4.5 mm, membranous, not papillate or corolla lobes papillate; calyx yellow, cylindric to narrowly campanulate, equaling corolla tube length, divided 1/2 its length, not reticulate, ± glossy, lobes lance-ovate to lanceolate, bases not overlapping, margins entire, midvein not carinate, apex acute to acuminate; corolla white, drying creamy white, 2.2–4 mm, tube cylindric-campanulate to obconic, 1.2–2 mm, not saccate, lobes spreading to reflexed, lance-oblong to lance-ovate, equaling corolla tube length, margins entire or irregular, apex acute to acuminate or cuspidate, sometimes appearing tridentate, straight; infrastaminal scales oblong to obovate, 1–1.7 mm, 4/5 corolla tube length, bridged at 0.2–0.4 mm, rounded, uniformly densely fimbriate, fimbriae 0.1–0.3 mm; stamens exserted at full anthesis, shorter than corolla lobes; filaments 0.3–0.7 mm; anthers 0.3–0.7 × 0.2–0.5 mm; styles uniformly filiform, 0.4–0.9 mm, shorter than ovary. |
5-merous, 2–3.5(–4.4) mm, membranous, not papillate; calyx brownish, campanulate, to 1/2 corolla tube length, divided 1/2–2/3 its length, not reticulate or shiny, lobes ovate, bases overlapping, margins entire or serrulate, midvein not carinate, apex obtuse to rounded; corolla creamy white, drying creamy brownish, 2–4 mm, tube campanulate, 1.7–2.3(–2.7) mm, not saccate, lobes spreading to reflexed, ovate to broadly triangular-ovate, 1/4–1/3 corolla tube length, margins entire, apex rounded to obtuse, straight; infrastaminal scales broadly oblong, 1.2–2 mm, (1/3–)1/2 corolla tube length, bridged at 0.5–1 mm, ± truncate to 2-lobed apically, fimbriate mostly in distal 1/2, fimbriae 0.2–0.6 mm; stamens exserted, shorter than corolla lobes; filaments 0.4–0.7 mm; anthers 0.3–0.6 × 0.2–0.4 mm; styles slender, 0.3–0.9 mm, 1/4 ovary length, slightly thickened at base. |
Capsules | ellipsoid-ovoid, 1.6–2.5 × 1.7–2.4 mm, thickened and raised around relatively small interstylar aperture, not translucent, surrounded or capped by withered corolla, indehiscent. |
ovoid to globose-conic or subobpyriform, 3.5–6.5(–7) × 3–5(–6) mm, raised and thickened around relatively small interstylar aperture, apex rarely narrowed into neck to 1 mm, not translucent, surrounding capsule or capped by withered corolla, indehiscent. |
Seeds | 1, ± obcompressed, broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, 1.3–1.5 × 1.2–1.4 mm, hilum region subterminal. |
3 or 4, obcompressed to obscurely angled, broadly ellipsoid to obovoid, 1.8–2.5(–2.8) × 1.5–1.6 mm, hilum region subterminal. |
2n | = 30. |
|
Cuscuta salina |
Cuscuta umbrosa |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–Nov. | Flowering Jul–Oct. |
Habitat | Hosts: Atriplex, Centromadia, Cressa, Frankenia, Jaumea, Plantago, Salicornia, Salsola, Suaeda, Trichostema, Wislizenia. | Hosts: Ampelopsis, Clematis, Convolvulus, Epilobium, Humulus, Impatiens, Lactuca, Linum, Salix, Scutellaria, Solidago, Symphoricarpos, Urtica, and others. |
Elevation | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) | 50–2100 m. (200–6900 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; NV; UT; Mexico (Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora)
|
CO; IA; ID; IL; KS; MN; MT; ND; NE; NM; SD; UT; WI; WY; AB; MB; ON; SK |
Discussion | Navajo Indians of the southwestern United States added seeds of Cuscuta umbrosa to soups or stews (E. F. Castetter 1935). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 14. | FNA vol. 14. |
Parent taxa | Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica | Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. curta, C. megalocarpa | |
Name authority | Engelmann in W. H. Brewer et al.: Bot. California 1: 536. (1876) | Beyrich ex Hooker: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 78. (1837) |
Web links |